Main Ref. | |
Mode | dioecism |
Fertilization | external |
Mating type | promiscuity |
Spawning frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
Batch spawner | Ref. Nico, L.G., J.D. Williams and H.L. Jelks, 2005 |
Reproductive guild |
nonguarders open water/substratum egg scatterers |
Parental Care | none |
Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Prewspawning adults migrate upstream in spring - early summer; spawning takes place in turbulent waters; eggs are pelagic and drift downstream and larvae enter nursery areas such as flood plains or backwater habitats; main river channel is used as feeding and wintering area by subadults and adults. |
Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |