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Larvae Information Summary for  Caranx sexfasciatus
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Main Ref: Watson, W., S.R. Charter, H.G. Moser, D.A. Ambrose and E.M. Sandknop 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)        
Preanal L. % TL        
Place of development planktonic
Larval area Northeastern Pacific (California Current Region); Northwestern Pacific (Japan)
Yolk-sac       Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Post larvae
Striking feature none
Striking shape lateral short and/or deep dorsal  
Striking feature none
Shape of gut triangular
Gas bladder   early   late  
Spinal armature   early opercular spines only late  
Peritoneum with row of melanophores
Pectorals normal  
Pelvics normal (i.e. small or absent)  
Total vertebrae 25; deep bodied; pigmented, peaked supraoccipital crest forms at about 3 mm; heavily pigmented preanal finfold; strong preopercular spination, up to 6 below and 4 above elongate angle spine in posterior series and up to 1 above and 4 below angle in anterior series; single spines on posttemporal and supracleithrum but none on supraocular or pterotic ridge. Pigmentation: Preflexion: By 2.5 mm, above gas bladder and gut, several on ventral margin of gut coil, 1 on terminal gut section anterior to anus, opposing blotches on dorsal and ventral margins of tail, series (minute) of about 7 posteriorly on ventral margin of tail, and 1 to several (minute) below notochord tip; by 3.0 mm, 1 to several above midbrain, 1 or more on supraoccipital crest, a pair at tip of snout, 1 on dorsum at midtrunk, streaks on dorsal and ventral margins of tail with lateral streak forming between them; by end of stage, many above brain, laterally on upper jaw, on tip of lower jaw, on gular and branchiostegal membranes, posteriorly on isthmus, on preanal finfold, spreading ventrad on trunk from dorsum, spreading onto tail and dorsal fin and anal fin bases from midline streaks, and embedded above spinal column at lateral streak. Flexion: Scattered over upper half of head and on trunk and tail except for caudal region; heavier laterally in region of tail streaks; streaks on dorsum and ventrum extend on each side of dorsal fin and anal fin. Postflexion: By 5.5 mm, entire head and body covered except for caudal peduncle, and blotch forming on first dorsal fin. Transformation: By about 14 mm, caudal peduncle covered and bars beginning to form. Juvenile: 6 bars (1 at nape, 2 at first dorsal fin, 3 at second dorsal fin). Sequence of fin development: principal caudal fin rays and dorsal fin and anal fin and pectoral fin, procurrent caudal fin rays, pelvic fin.
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae    Ref. 
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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