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Larvae Information Summary for  Symphurus atricauda
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Main Ref: Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood and M.V. Vinter 1989
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)        
Preanal L. % TL        
Place of development planktonic
Larval area South of southern California to Oregon, 42-46° N
Yolk-sac       Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Post larvae
Striking feature  
Striking shape lateral   dorsal  
Striking feature  
Shape of gut  
Gas bladder   early   late  
Spinal armature   early   late  
Diagnostic characters: large head and tapering body; gut mass trails posteriad; five exserted dorsal fin rays develop by 6.0 mm SL but they are no longer than other fin rays (in other species of Symphurus, elongate anterior dorsal fin rays persist); pelvic fin on blind side begins disappearing at 18.0-22.0 mm SL. Pigment: small melanophores along dorsal midline, larger along ventral midline; single band posteriad on tail; large blotches at finfold margin, with development restricted to along the distal edges; head, gut, and swimbladder. Sequence of fin development: anterior dorsal; caudal, dorsal, and anal; pelvics (pectorals disappear at metamorphosis).
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Water parameters     Metric characters
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