分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels)
鱸形目 (Mackerels) >
Scombridae (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos)
鯖科 (Mackerels, tunas, bonitos) > Scombrinae
Etymology: Scomberomorus: Latin, scomber = mackerel + Greek, moros = silly, stupid (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 15 - 200 m (Ref. 9684), usually 20 - 90 m (Ref. 12260). 熱帶; 38°N - 7°S, 49°E - 134°E (Ref. 54881)
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf, India and Sri Lanka (Ref. 9684) to southeast Asia, north to Hong Kong and Wakasa Bay, Sea of Japan.
印度-西太平洋: 波斯灣，印度與斯里蘭卡 (參考文獻 9684) 到東南亞; 北至香港與日本海的若峽灣。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 39.8, range 33 - 46.5 cm
Max length : 76.0 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 168); common length : 55.0 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9684)
背棘 (總數): 15 - 18; 背的軟條 (總數): 18-24; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 19 - 23; 脊椎骨: 47 - 52. Interpelvic process small and bifid. Swim bladder absent. Body entirely covered with small scales. Lateral line with many auxiliary branches extending dorsally and ventrally in anterior third, curving down toward caudal peduncle. Intestine with 2 folds and 3 limbs. Sides silvery white with several rows of round dark brownish spots scattered in about three irregular rows along the lateral line. First dorsal fin membrane black.
腹鰭間的突起小而兩裂的。 泳鰾不存在。 身體完全地覆蓋著小鱗片了。 側線有在前三分之一中背面而且腹地延伸的許多附加的分支, 對於尾柄彎曲下來。 腸道有 2 摺層與 3 肢翼。 側邊銀白色與圓深褐色的斑點的幾排散佈於大約三不規則的列沿著側線。 第一背鰭薄膜黑色。
A pelagic migratory fish inhabiting coastal waters at depths between 15-200 m; sometimes entering turbid estuarine waters; usually found in small schools (Ref. 9684). Feeds mainly on small schooling fishes (especially sardines and anchovies), squids and crustaceans (Ref. 9684). Fishing peaks in the months of November and December in Eastern Thailand, late Dec and January in the northern part of the Gulf and January to March in its western part. Caught with midwater trawls, purse seines, bamboo stake traps, and by trolling (Ref. 9684). Marketed mainly fresh; also dried-salted (Ref. 9684), smoked and frozen (Ref. 9987). Small quantities of frozen product are exported to Europe and North America (Ref. 9987).
一個大洋性的迴游魚居住於沿岸水域在深度介於 15-200 公尺之間; 有時進入混濁的河口水域; 通常發現於小群魚群。 (參考文獻 9684) 主要吃小的群游性魚 (尤其沙丁魚與鯷魚) ，烏賊與甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 9684) 在九月與十二月在泰國東部的漁獲高峰, 十二月下旬與一月在灣的北部與一月到三月在他的西部。 用中層水域拖網，囊袋網，竹製魚籠捕獲了, 與藉著拖釣.(參考文獻 9684) 生鮮地主要地在市場上銷售; 也乾燥鹽醃 (參考文獻 9684), 煙燻了與冷凍的.(參考文獻 9987) 冷凍產品的小量被輸出到歐洲與北美洲。 (參考文獻 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 波斯灣，印度與斯里蘭卡 (參考文獻 9684) 到東南亞; 北至香港與日本海的若峽灣。
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1618 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00636 - 0.00948), b=3.02 (2.98 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.67 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18; Fec=385,000).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 41.3 [19.2, 151.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.944 [0.441, 2.337] mg/100g; Protein = 20.8 [19.6, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.196, 0.526] g/100g; Selenium = 68.4 [25.0, 346.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.4 [3.8, 84.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.829 [0.552, 1.315] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
