Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 1 - 320 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical
Indo-Pacific: Japan and northwestern Hawaiian Is., east and west coast of Australia, Rapa and Easter Is.; and from the Gulf of California to Peru.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm FL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 7097); common length : 30.0 cm Fl ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9283)
Adults are pelagic (Ref. 58302), in oceanic and inshore waters (Ref. 9563) forming schools (Ref. 9283). They feed mainly on planktonic invertebrates (Ref. 9283). Marketed fresh and salted or dried (Ref. 9283).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Edwards, A., 1990. Fish and fisheries of Saint Helena Island. Centre for Tropical Coastal Management Studies, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. (Ref. 5288)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; طعم: usually
مزيد من المعلومات
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.1 - 28.1, mean 23.6 °C (based on 1345 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.00628 - 0.02410), b=2.97 (2.81 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 481 [159, 1,454] mg/100g; Iron = 4.95 [1.76, 11.62] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [18.5, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.369 [0.177, 0.790] g/100g; Selenium = 98.4 [31.3, 289.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15 [4, 62] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.28 [0.72, 2.35] mg/100g (wet weight);