Glaucostegus obtusus, Widenose guitarfish

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Glaucostegus obtusus (Müller & Henle, 1841)

Widenose guitarfish
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Image of Glaucostegus obtusus (Widenose guitarfish)
Glaucostegus obtusus
Picture by Osmany, H.B.

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) > Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) > Glaucostegidae (Giant guitarfishes)
Etymology: More on authors: Müller & Henle.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 60 m (Ref. 114953). 熱帶; 25°N - 0°N, 61°E - 105°E (Ref. 114953)

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Northern Indian Ocean: Pakistan to Thailand, with eastern limits unclear (Ref. 114953). South African records refer to Rhinobatos blochii and Rhinobatos leucospilus (Compagno pers. comm.).
印度-西太平洋: 巴基斯坦外海到 '馬來列島' 與那 '東的 Indies', 更多特殊的紀錄從區域不確認。 南非記錄指的是 Rhinobatos blochii 與 Rhinobatos leucospilus(Compagno pers. comm.)。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - 48 cm
Max length : 93.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9909)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

This species is distinguished by the following: colour uniform greyish to brownish body and shovel-shaped disc; short snout broadly triangular, broad oblique nostrils with an oval anterior opening; disc flattened centrally, its length ca 1.2 times its width, anterior margin largely convex, outer corner broadly rounded to abruptly angular; snout relatively obtuse, ca. 80° angle, tip broadly rounded and not extended forward as a lobe, very small orbit its length ca 6.5 time preorbital length, 2.5-2.7 in interorbital space; rostral ridges are well separated, margin of cranium sharply demarcated before eyes; one small spiracular fold; nostrils much shorter than mouth, subequal to internasal width, ca. 50-52 nasal lamellae; anterior nasal flaps barely penetrating into internasal space, the interspace equal to 2.4-2.5 times length of posterior nasal aperture; rough skin covered with small denticles, enlarged slightly and more granular on dorsal surface than ventrally; along midline of the body in young are thorns in irregular row, irregular in shape, often obscure in adults; no obvious patch on each shoulder or greatly enlarged thorns in snout tip and around orbits; long tail, 1.4-1.6 times disc length; short dorsal fins, apices rounded, close together, interspace exceeding twice base length of first dorsal fin, well separated from pelvic fins (Ref. 114953).

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Found inshore and offshore (Ref. 9909). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Biology little known (Ref. 9909); but males are known to be mature ca. 48 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Probably utilized where it occurs, but details lacking (Ref. 9909).

发现于岸边了与外海.(参考文献 9909) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 50449) 生物学特性知道的很少.(参考文献 9909) 可能利用了在哪里它出现, 但是细说缺乏.(参考文献 9909)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).印度-西太平洋: 巴基斯坦外海到 '馬來列島' 與那 '東的 Indies', 更多特殊的紀錄從區域不確認。 南非記錄指的是 Rhinobatos blochii 與 Rhinobatos leucospilus(Compagno pers. comm.)。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  极度濒危 (CR) (A2bd); Date assessed: 03 December 2018

CITES

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00145 - 0.00950), b=3.09 (2.87 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (57 of 100).