分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 180 m (Ref. 37816), usually 10 - 70 m (Ref. 30573). 熱帶; 31°N - 33°S, 31°E - 128°W (Ref. 55)
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Marquesas and Line islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Australia. More common around oceanic islands than in continental areas.
印度-西太平洋: 東非到馬可薩斯島與列島群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲。 更普遍大洋性島嶼的周圍超過在大陸的區域中。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 42.9, range 39 - ? cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9987); common length : 76.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 37816); 最大體重: 12.5 kg (Ref. 4699); 最大年齡: 55 年 (Ref. 72420)
背棘 (總數): 10; 背的軟條 (總數): 13-14; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. This species is distinguished by the following characters: moderately deep body, its greatest depth 2.4-2.9 in SL; distinct groove or pit from nostrils to the front of the eye; preopercular notch and knob moderately developed; vomerine tooth patch narrow crescentic, without a medial posterior extension; gill rakers of first gill arch 6-7 + 16 = 22-23 (including rudiments). Colour of body dark reddish-brown with faint dark stripes; young and some adults with two silvery-white spots on back; pectoral fins pink with dorsal edge prominently black; juveniles sometimes have caudal end of body and the tail white. mimicking Chromis damselfishes (Ref. 9821, 90102).
吻略微尖的。 頭部的背面輪廓圓的。 眶前骨相當寬的; 它的寬度通常大於眼直徑。 一個深溝或凹洞從鼻孔到眼睛前方。 前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤適度發展的。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 幼魚與一些成魚有二個銀白色斑點背面。 大的成魚大部份全紅色.(參考文獻 48635)
Adults inhabit coral reefs, including sheltered lagoons and outer reefs (Ref. 30573). Usually found singly, often adjacent to steep outer reef slopes, but occasionally found in groups (Ref. 9710). Feeds mainly on fishes, but also take shrimps, crabs, amphipods, stomatopods, gastropods and urochordates. Large fish from oceanic areas in the western Pacific are often ciguatoxic, e.g., in Tuvalu (Ref. 9513). Caught mainly with handlines and bottom longlines (Ref. 9821). Utilized fresh and dried-salted (Ref. 9987). Juveniles mimic Chromis damselfishes (Ref. 90102). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.
棲息於珊瑚礁, 包括有掩蔽的潟湖與外海岩礁。 (參考文獻 30573) 通常單獨地發現, 時常鄰近陡峭的外礁斜坡, 但是偶然形成魚群.(參考文獻 9710) 主要吃魚, 也捕食蝦，螃蟹，片腳類動物，口足目甲殼類，腹足動物與海鞘類。 在吐瓦魯,來自西太平洋的海洋性地區的大的魚時常是有西加毒的，例如。 (參考文獻 9513) 生鮮使用與乾燥鹽醃.(參考文獻 9987) 在香港活魚販售。 (參考文獻 27253)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 東非到馬可薩斯島與列島群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲。 更普遍大洋性島嶼的周圍超過在大陸的區域中。
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 29, mean 28 °C (based on 2402 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.00896 - 0.02030), b=2.99 (2.87 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.11-0.33; tmax=13).
Prior r = 0.41, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.71, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.4 [11.0, 26.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.245 [0.156, 0.388] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.2, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.142 [0.101, 0.196] g/100g; Selenium = 77.5 [48.8, 127.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 130 [22, 516] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.44 [0.35, 0.59] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
