分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Kurtiformes (Nurseryfishes, cardinalfishes.)
鱸形目 (Nurseryfishes, cardinalfishes.) >
Apogonidae (Cardinalfishes)
天竺鯛科 (Cardinalfishes) > Apogoninae
Etymology: Pterapogon: Greek, pteron = wing, fin + Greek, pogon = beard (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 16 m (Ref. 90102), usually 1 - 2 m (Ref. 9936). 熱帶; 1°S - 2°S, 123°E - 124°E
Western Pacific: Apparently restricted to Banggai Islands, Indonesia. Also found in several small islands off nearby eastern Taliabu Island and Luwuk vicinity (Ref. 90102). Threatened by extinction due to collection for the aquarium trade (Ref. 27438, 35396).
中西太平洋: 顯然地侷限於 Banggai 島，印尼了。 受到威脅的由於滅絕為水族貿易由於收集.(參考文獻 27438,35396)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 4.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 8.6 cm TL (female); 最大體重: 0.00 g
背棘 (總數): 8; 背的軟條 (總數): 14; 臀棘 2; 臀鰭軟條: 13.
容易地用它的流蘇第一背鰭辨認出, 細長的肛門與第二背鰭鰭條, 深深地叉型尾與顯著的彩色斑紋。
Common around the jetty, in silty sand bottoms with seagrass (Enhalus acoroides). Associated with Diadema setosum, the long-spined sea urchins. Individuals of 2 to 60 hover directly above the urchins, with the younger ones about 2-3 cm SL staying closer to the urchins. The fish retreat among the spines when threatened. Probably feed on small benthic and planktonic crustaceans at night. Male incubates the eggs until hatching; the large egg about 2.5 mm in diameter, with the young remaining within the mouth cavity for undetermined period after hatching (Ref. 9936, 48635). Newly hatched larvae have no planktonic period (Ref. 35886). Juveniles also use anemones for protection (Ref. 45560, 48635). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35417).
普遍的突堤周圍, 在泥沙中以海草 ( Enhalus acoroides) 底部. 伴隨著 Diadema setosum ，長棘海膽.。 個體 2 到 60 在海膽正上方盤旋, 藉由較年輕的一些大約 2-3 公分 SL 停留更靠近海膽。 魚當危險時撤退到棘之中。 可能吃小型底棲與浮游性甲殼動物在晚上。 雄性直到孵化孵卵; 大的卵大約 2.5 mm 直徑, 在孵化之後在口腔裡面而幼魚保持未確定的時期.(參考文獻 9936,48635) 最近孵化.仔魚沒有浮游性時期.(參考文獻 35886) 稚魚也使用卷曲異輻海葵尋求保護.(參考文獻 45560,48635) 曾經後面在繁殖場.(參考文獻 35417)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
The male takes the eggs into its mouth where these and the larvae remain until young fish of about 8mm SL are released. Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205). Also Ref. 240.中西太平洋: 顯然地侷限於 Banggai 島，印尼了。 受到威脅的由於滅絕為水族貿易由於收集.(參考文獻 27438,35396)
Allen, G.R. and R.C. Steene, 1995. Notes on the ecology and behaviour of the Indonesian cardinalfish (Apogonidae) Pterapogon kauderni Koumans. Rev. Fr. Aquariol. 22(1-2):7-10. (Ref. 9936)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
瀕危 (EN) (B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v)); Date assessed: 01 March 2007
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01862 (0.01022 - 0.03394), b=2.94 (2.78 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm<1; Fec=12-40; assuming multiple spawning).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
