Engraulis mordax, Californian anchovy : fisheries, bait

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Engraulis mordax Girard, 1854

Californian anchovy
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Engraulis mordax   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Engraulis mordax (Californian anchovy)
Engraulis mordax
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Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Engraulis: Greek, eggraulis, -eos = anchovy (Ref. 45335);  mordax: Genus name from the Greek 'engraulis' meaning anchovy; species name from the Latin 'mordax' meaning biting (Ref. 27436).
More on author: Girard.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; diepte 0 - 310 m (Ref. 96339), usually ? - 219 m (Ref. 54433). Subtropical; 51°N - 21°N, 131°W - 108°W (Ref. 54433)

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Northeast Pacific: northern Vancouver Island south to Cape San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico. Two subspecies recognized: Engraulis mordax mordax from British Columbia to Baja California and Engraulis mordax nanus in Bays of California.

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm 9.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.8 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 27436); common length : 15.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9988); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 68.00 g (Ref. 56527); max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 7 Jaren (Ref. 6884)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal): 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 14-19; Anale stekels 0; Anale zachte stralen: 19 - 26; Wervels: 43 - 47. Snout quite sharply pointed; maxilla moderate, tip sharply pointed, reaching to or almost to hind border of pre-operculum, projecting well beyond tip of second supra-maxilla; tip of lower jaw below nostril. gill rakers slender, long; absent on hind face of third epibranchial. Anal fin origin under about base of last dorsal fin ray. A silver stripe along flank, disappearing with age.

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Usually found in coastal waters within about 30 km from shore, but as far out as 480 km, forming large, tightly packed schools. Enters bays and inlets. Feeds on euphausiids, copepods and decapod larvae, both by random filter-feeding and by 'pecking' at prey. Oviparous, epipelagic batch spawner (Ref. 6882). Spawns throughout the year, peaking once (Ref. 6882). Processed into fishmeal, used as bait for tuna, occasionally canned (Ref. 9298).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Spawns from British Colombia south to Magdalena Bay, Baja California, but most abundantly between Point Conception and Point San Juanico. There are two major spawning areas: 1) off southern California and northern Baja California and 2) off central and southern Baja California. Oviparous (Ref. 35602). Spawns either in inlets or offshore, throughout the year but mainly in winter and early spring, depending on hydrological conditions (preferably at 10 to 23.3° C in upper water layers and around 22.00 hours). Spawning occurs at night between 2000 and 0400 hour (Ref. 6882).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Onvoldoende gegevens (DD) ; Date assessed: 08 May 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; aas: usually
FAO - visserij: aanvoer, soortsprofiel; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7.6 - 14.9, mean 9 °C (based on 55 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5020   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00550 (0.00348 - 0.00867), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.28 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.3 (1.6 - 2.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 17 growth studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (rm=0.36; K=0.2-0.6; tm=1-4; tmax=7; Fec=4000).
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.75, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (24 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 159 [69, 355] mg/100g; Iron = 1.23 [0.60, 2.84] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.4, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.841 [0.514, 1.405] g/100g; Selenium = 20.5 [9.8, 42.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.9 [3.2, 56.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.01 [0.65, 1.56] mg/100g (wet weight);