Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल; खारा ड़िमरसल; ऐनाढरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 6 - 53 m (Ref. 93286), usually 6 - 34 m (Ref. 93286). Subtropical; 49°N - 28°N, 82°W - 65°W (Ref. 54259)
North America: St. John River in Canada to St. Johns River in Florida, USA.
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 50.0, range 45 - 55 cm
Max length : 143 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 6866); common length : 50.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 12193); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 23.0 kg (Ref. 6866); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 67 वर्षो (Ref. 6866)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण): 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण): 33-42; गुदा कांटा 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 18 - 24. Snout short, bluntly V-shaped, not upturned at tip. Barbels short (Ref. 7251). Absence of fontanelle and post dorsal shields. Single row of pre anal shields, 6-11 (Ref. 4639). Dorsal shields 7-13, lateral shields 22-34 (Ref. 4639). Blackish viscera (Ref. 37032). Head and back dark, lower surface white (Ref. 37032). Anal fin origin beneath dorsal fin origin (Ref. 86798).
Inhabit river mouths, lakes, estuaries, and bays; occasionally enters the open sea. Feeds mostly at night over soft substrates; juveniles feed primarily on benthic crustaceans and insects, adults prey on benthic crustaceans, insects and mollusks (Ref. 93252). Maximum known age is 67 years for females and 30 years for males. Flesh of good quality; eggs are suitable for caviar (Ref. 3192).
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; आखेट मत्स्य: हां; जलजीवालय: सार्वजनिक लजीवालय
अधिक जानकारी
संदर्भजलीयकृषिजलीयकृषि रूपरेखाखींचआनुवंशिकीElectrophoresesहैरेटिबिलटीबीमारीप्रक्रमणNutrientsMass conversion
सहयोगीयोतस्वीरेStamps, Coins Misc.ध्वनिसिगुयटिरारफ्तारतैरने के प्रकारगिल क्षेत्रOtolithsदिमागदृष्टि
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.5 - 25.5, mean 15.6 °C (based on 138 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00142 - 0.00736), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): बहुत नीचे, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 14 महीने। (K=0.04; tm=14-17; tmax=67; Fec=48,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
