Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman 15 - 100 m (Ref. 11230). Temperate; 43°N - 21°N, 116°E - 146°E
Northwest Pacific: western Japan to the East China Sea.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 73.8 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 117085); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 3.8 kg (Ref. 124479)
Inhabits coastal waters (Ref. 2113), with mud to sandy mud bottoms. Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166).
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
informasi lanjut
AcuanBudidaya airprofil budidaya airStrainGenetikaElectrophoresesDiturunkanPenyakit-penyakitPengolahanNutrientsMass conversion
mitraGambarStamps, Coins Misc.Suara-suaraCiguateraKecepatanTipe renangArea insangOtolithsOtakPenglihatan / visi
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13 - 24.8, mean 21.9 °C (based on 84 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00556 - 0.01303), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K=0.3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (100 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.4 [18.8, 61.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.331 [0.175, 0.577] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.4, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.589 [0.329, 0.982] g/100g; Selenium = 14.3 [7.1, 28.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.25 [3.09, 29.22] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.552 [0.400, 0.807] mg/100g (wet weight);