分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Anabantiformes (Gouramies, snakeheads)
鱸形目 (Gouramies, snakeheads) >
Osphronemidae (Gouramies)
絲足鱸科 (Gouramies) > Osphroneminae
Etymology: Osphronemus: Greek, osphra = smell + Greek, nema = filament; because of the olfactory organs (Ref. 45335); goramy: Malay/Javanese: ikan gurami, name for this species..
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 6.5 - 8.0; dH range: ? - 25; 深度上下限 10 - ? m (Ref. 9987). 熱帶; 20°C - 30°C (Ref. 13371); 6°N - 9°S
Asia: probably limited to Sumatra, Borneo, Java, the Malay Peninsula, Thailand and Indochina (Mekong basin). Has been introduced to several countries for aquaculture purposes. Apparently absent in Sarawak and presence in Sabah may be due to relatively late introductions.
亞洲: 可能僅限於蘇門答臘，婆羅洲，爪哇，馬來半島，泰國與印度支那 (湄公河流域)了。 曾經為水產業目的引進一些國家。 顯然地不存在於在沙巴島的砂勞越與出現可能由於相當晚引入。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12693); common length : 45.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12693)
背棘 (總數): 12 - 14; 背的軟條 (總數): 10-13; 臀棘 9-13; 臀鰭軟條: 18 - 21; 脊椎骨: 30 - 31. With 8-10 complete dark vertical bars in juvenile color phase; adults without vertical bars or sexual dichromatism, both sexes drab; transverse scale rows usually 6.1.12; dorsal fin spines usually 12-13 (rarely 11 or 14); soft-rayed portion of anal fin greatly enlarged, its distal margin parallel to distal margin of caudal fin; caudal fin rounded or obtusely rounded, not truncate or emarginate (Ref. 7425). Pelvic fins with first soft ray prolonged into a thread-like tentacle reaching posteriorly to or beyond hind margin of caudal fin.
在幼年的色相中有 8-10 個完全的黑縱帶; 成魚沒有縱帶或性別雙色變異，兩性土褐色的; 橫跨的鱗片列通常 6.1.12; 背鰭棘通常 12-13;(很少地 11 或 14) 臀鰭的有軟鰭的部分明顯增大, 它的末梢部邊緣平行於尾鰭的末梢部邊緣; 尾鰭圓的或者圓頭地圓的, 不是截形或邊緣微凹.(參考文獻 7425) 腹鰭有第一柔軟鰭條在後部地延長到像線一樣的觸鬚達到內了到或超過尾鰭的後緣。
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Inhabits swamps, lakes and rivers (Ref. 9987), among vegetation (Ref. 56749). Enters flooded forest (Ref. 9497). Found in medium to large rivers and stagnant water bodies including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975). Omnivorous. Feeds on both plants and animals such as some aquatic weeds, fish, frogs, earthworms and sometimes dead animals (Ref. 6459). Can breathe moist air, so can be kept alive for long periods out of water, making it possible to distribute it in areas lacking a cold chain (Ref. 9987). Was reported from miocene deposits in Central Sumatra (Ref. 7426). Utilized fresh and eaten steamed, pan-fried and baked (Ref. 9987).
棲息於沼澤，湖與河。 (參考文獻 9987) 進入被水淹沒的森林。 (參考文獻 9497) 發現於包括滯流的管的中型到大型河川與污濁的水體了。 (參考文獻 12975) 雜食性。 吃植物和動物例如一些水生的雜草，魚，青蛙, 蚯蚓與有時死的動物.(參考文獻 6459) 能呼吸潮溼的空氣, 因此能被保持存活長的時期離開水面, 使在區域中分佈它是可能的沒有寒冷鏈.(參考文獻 9987) 在蘇門答臘中部被記錄自 miocene 沈積層。 (參考文獻 7426) 生鮮使用而且清蒸, 油鍋炸與燒烤的.(參考文獻 9987)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Adults make nests made of plant fibers instead of bubble nests as some publications have claimed (Ref. 127550). This error comes from a misidentification of a species according to Bhimachar et al. (1944).亞洲: 可能僅限於蘇門答臘，婆羅洲，爪哇，馬來半島，泰國與印度支那 (湄公河流域)了。 曾經為水產業目的引進一些國家。 顯然地不存在於在沙巴島的砂勞越與出現可能由於相當晚引入。
Roberts, T.R., 1992. Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian anabantoid fish genus Osphronemus, with descriptions of two new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 2(4):351-360. (Ref. 7425)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01698 (0.00714 - 0.04039), b=3.01 (2.80 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.32 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming tm > 1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33.8 [9.6, 199.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.483 [0.195, 1.594] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.0, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.111 [0.052, 0.227] g/100g; Selenium = 35 [16, 86] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.5 [3.7, 80.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.41 [0.85, 2.23] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
