分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Orthopristis: Greek, ortho = straight + Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - ? m (Ref. 25). 溫帶; 41°N - 10°N, 99°W - 60°W
Western Atlantic: New York, USA and Bermuda to Mexico.
西大西洋: 美國的紐約州與百慕達群島到墨西哥。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 20.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 25); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3798); 最大体重: 900.00 g (Ref. 25); 最大年龄: 4 年 (Ref. 25)
背棘 (总数): 12 - 13; 背的软条 (总数): 15-16; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 13. Back elevated; snout long and tapering. Mouth a little oblique; maxillary reaching vertical from first nostril. Scales in oblique rows above lateral line and horizontal rows below lateral line, extending on base of caudal, pelvic and pectoral fins; also forming a low sheath on base of anal and dorsal fins.
背面升高的; 吻长而尖端细的。 嘴小斜角; 上颌骨达到垂直的从第一个鼻孔。 鳞片形成斜的列在侧联机面而水平的列在侧线下, 在基底上延伸尾部的, 腹鳍与胸鳍; 也形成一个在臀鳍基底与背鳍上的低的鞘。
Inhabits coastal waters, over sand and mud bottoms. Forms schools. Mainly nocturnal and non-burrowing. Feeds on crustaceans and smaller fishes. Undergoes seasonal migration as well as local nocturnal-diurnal foraging migrations (Ref. 25).
栖息于沿岸水域，砂与泥底部的上面。 形成鱼群。 主要夜行而非掘洞穴。 吃甲壳动物与较小的鱼。 历经季节性的迁移以及地方日夜的觅食回游.(参考文献 25)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawning may occur in open water just prior to inshore migration or in quiet inshore waters, such as harbors, estuaries, and inshore banks, but may begin on outer shores first. Pigfish spawn at dusk exclusively. In general, larger fish spawn first, with smaller ones spawning latest in the season.西大西洋: 美國的紐約州與百慕達群島到墨西哥。
Darcy, G.H., 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the pigfish, Orthopristis chrysoptera (Pisces: Haemulidae). FAO Fish. Synop. (134); NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. (449). (Ref. 25)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.5 - 27.8, mean 24.4 °C (based on 232 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.01127 - 0.02805), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.1 [10.0, 72.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.332 [0.169, 0.681] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.6, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.446 [0.203, 0.892] g/100g; Selenium = 11.1 [5.4, 23.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.22 [2.89, 28.64] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.579 [0.380, 0.871] mg/100g (wet weight);
