分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全頭亞綱 (銀鮫科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras)
銀鮫目 (Chimaeras) >
Rhinochimaeridae (Longnose chimaeras)
長鼻銀鮫科 (Longnose chimaeras)
Etymology: Harriotta: [an]a- (L.), belonging to: per Goode & Bean (1896), in honor of Thomas Harriott (ca. 1560‒1621), English astronomer, mathematician, ethnographer and translator, who published the first English work on American natural history (1588). (See ETYFish); raleighana: In honor of Sir Walter Raleigh (ca. 1554‒1618), “philosopher and explorer, by whom the first English scientific expedition was sent to the New World” (Raleigh funded a 1585 expedition to Roanoke Island, North Carolina, with Thomas Harriott [honored in the (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Goode & Bean.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 深度上下限 200 - 3100 m (Ref. 117245), usually 500 - 2000 m (Ref. 97389). 深水域; 65°N - 49°S, 121°W - 179°E
Cosmopolitan,
東大西洋: 冰島，法羅群島, 沿著愛爾蘭到法國北部的 Rockall 溝槽; 加納利群島與外海的白鼻角, 茅利塔尼亞; 那米比亞與南非.(參考文獻 5578) 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省到美國的切薩皮克海灣; 巴西南部。 北太平洋: 日本外與美國加州; 也 100 公里外海的下加利福尼亞南部。 南太平洋: 外海的紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 7300)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 75.8, range 66 - 84.3 cm
Max length : 120 cm OT 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26346); 102.5 cm TL (female); 最大體重: 1.6 kg (Ref. 122636)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
This species is distinguished from H. chaetirhampha by the following characters: H. raleighana with eye small, its length 7% BDL (vs. 7-9% in H. chaetirhampha); interorbital space broad, 11-16% BDL (vs. 6-9%); snout tip smooth (vs. armed with small knob-like projections; only prominent in male); first dorsal fin low, length of dorsal spine anterior margin 16% BDL (vs. 19-24%); pectoral and pelvic fins broadly rounded (vs. bluntly
pointed); interdorsal space narrow, 4.5-8.4% BDL (vs. 24.8-26.8%); length of caudal dorsal margin (CDM) longer (vs. shorter) than caudal ventral margin, CDM 74-79% BDL (vs. 49-62%); length of caudal upper ray (CUR) longer (vs. shorter) than that of lower ray, CUR 10-11% BDL (vs. 4-5%); infraorbital canal strongly curved anterior to eye, forming S-shaped loop (vs. only gently curved); with distinct longer and thicker claspers, its outer length 25% BDL (vs. 16%) and its base width 3% BDL (vs. 1%); tip of the clasper excessively inflated so as to form a large, elongate and fleshy knob, covered with 16 (17 in right side) small, multifaceted, hemp-leaf shaped spines, most of which were serially arranged along its dorsomesial margin (vs. small bulb, with several simple spines sparsely distributed); a deep slit running longitudinally from dorsolateral base of rod to the ventromesial surface of the knob, running along the dorsal side of the clasper( vs. not prominent) (Ref. 123553).
一個長鼻的銀鮫具有一個相當長的﹐狹窄的﹐和扁平的吻, 一個小的眼位於嘴巴, 一個相當長的第一背鰭與棘，多節的齒板與尾鰭上面或後面了矛尖形的在上緣上沒有小瘤但是有一個長的末端絲狀突起.(參考文獻 5578,6871,41248) 深褐色或黑色的顏色.(參考文獻 5578) 沒有分開的臀鰭。 釦緊物是竿狀的﹐相當細長﹐和不分枝的, 尖端略微膨脹。 喉部與食道出現分開的從眼窩的, 具有一個短的間隙; 結合眶下骨來自對於吻尖的在前面水平的眼的大約距離中的 2/7 的有角的 (上頜骨) 管.(參考文獻 41248)
Found on the continental slope and ocean floor (Ref. 26346). Appears to feed mainly on shellfish and crustaceans (Ref. 6871). Maximum length 120 cm without tail filament (Ref. 26346). It is captured as by-catch in deep water trawl fisheries (Ref. 117245).
棲息於大陸斜坡與海底了。 (參考文獻 26346) 似乎主要捕食貝與甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 6871) 最大的長度 120個公分尾絲不計.(參考文獻 26346)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, young hatch at about 10-13 cm (Ref. 26346).東大西洋: 冰島，法羅群島, 沿著愛爾蘭到法國北部的 Rockall 溝槽; 加納利群島與外海的白鼻角, 茅利塔尼亞; 那米比亞與南非.(參考文獻 5578) 西大西洋: 加拿大的新斯科舍省到美國的切薩皮克海灣; 巴西南部。 北太平洋: 日本外與美國加州; 也 100 公里外海的下加利福尼亞南部。 南太平洋: 外海的紐西蘭與澳洲.(參考文獻 7300)
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 19 February 2015
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.3 - 9, mean 5.2 °C (based on 654 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7539 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00162 (0.00122 - 0.00216), b=3.15 (3.07 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.38 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming Fec <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 9.59 [2.75, 33.16] mg/100g; Iron = 0.372 [0.123, 0.947] mg/100g; Protein = 14.1 [9.7, 18.1] %; Omega3 = 0.294 [0.107, 0.810] g/100g; Selenium = 23.6 [7.1, 77.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.9 [1.2, 26.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.308 [0.158, 0.601] mg/100g (wet weight);
