Phractolaemus ansorgii Boulenger, 1901
Hingemouth
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Phractolaemus ansorgii
Picture by Sazima, I.
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Picture by Sazima, I.
分類 / Names 共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
> Gonorynchiformes (Milkfishes) > Kneriidae (Shellears) > Phractolaeminae
Etymology: Phractolaemus: Greek, phraktos = fence + Greek, laimos = throttle (Ref. 45335); ansorgii: Named for the presence of 1-3 spines on the scales of the lateral line on the caudal peduncle, and on the 2 scale rows above and below the lateral line series (Ref. 93266).
More on author: Boulenger.
Etymology: Phractolaemus: Greek, phraktos = fence + Greek, laimos = throttle (Ref. 45335); ansorgii: Named for the presence of 1-3 spines on the scales of the lateral line on the caudal peduncle, and on the 2 scale rows above and below the lateral line series (Ref. 93266).
More on author: Boulenger.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態学
; 新鮮な水 底生の漂泳性; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: ? - 25. Tropical; 25°C - 30°C (Ref. 13371)
分布 国々 | 国連食糧農業機関の区域 | エコシステム | 事件 | Point map | 導入 | Faunafri
Africa: in West Africa from Lake Nokoué (Ouémé River, Benin) (Ref. 81277) to Cross River (Cameroon) (Ref. 52397) including the Ogun, Osse and Niger Delta (Ref. 81277). Also in the middle Congo River basin (Ref. 93183) in Republic of Congo and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
簡単な記述 形態学 | 形態計測学
背面の脊椎 (合計): 0; 背鰭 (合計): 6; 肛門の骨 0; 臀鰭: 6; 脊つい: 34 - 38. Diagnosis: head depressed and strongly ossified; anterior nostril elongate, forming an oblique, forward-pointing tube; posterior nostril crescent-shaped, located just behind the narial tube (Ref. 2913, 81277). Mouth small, protrusible (Ref. 245, 31256, 81277), placed at tip of a proboscis and opening upwards between the narial tubes (Ref. 2913, 81277), on upper surface of snout (Ref. 245, 31256). Narrow gill opening, but opercles very well developed, covering also the underside of the head where they overlap (Ref. 2913, 81277, 93183).
Lives in forest pools and swamps (Ref. 41580). Microphagous (Ref. 4910, 41580, 45483), especially phytophagous (epiphytes), and detritiphagous (Ref. 41580). Swim bladder entirely alveolar, functioning like a lung; this adaptation to aerial breathing allows the fish to survive under poor oxygenation conditions (Ref. 2913, 81277); recorded from nearly deoxygenated lungfish nest in Pool Malebo, Congo DR (Ref. 41585). Gonads, which are largely fused, are situated ventrally, not dorsally, in abdominal cavity (Ref. 41580). Mouth can be projected as a small trunk (Ref. 2913). Eggs transparent, yellow-greenish, 1.5-1.7mm diameter; large females may have several thousands of eggs (Ref. 41580). Particular blood system, with dark coloured and an abundant amouth of blood (Ref. 4910).
Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟 | 繁殖 | 放精 | 卵 | 生産力 | 幼生
Males and females have lateral tubercles on their body which probably aid in maintaining contact during spawning (Ref. 38266).
主な参考文献
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Lévêque, C., 1990. Phractolaemidae. p. 189-191. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, and O.R.S.T.O.M.,Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2913)
CITES
Not Evaluated
人間に対する脅威
Harmless
Human uses
水産業:
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00437 (0.00167 - 0.01142), b=3.14 (2.91 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Subfamily-BS (Ref. 93245).
栄養段階 (Ref. 69278): 2.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100) .
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): (0 of 100) .