Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten revassocierade. Tropical
Western Atlantic: Honduras to Santa Catarina, Brazil (Ref. 57756).
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm 7.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.6 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 124486); common length : 14.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5217)
Short description
Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 8; Taggstrålar i analfenan 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 7. Upper two-thirds of head and body with groups of small dark brown spots; whitish ventrally; caudal fin with a dusky bar basally and a 2nd but fainter dark bar in outer middle part of fin (Ref. 13442).
Found over soft bottoms generally with vegetation such as Thalassia testudinum. Prefers turbid water (Ref. 9710). Feeds on marine invertebrates (Ref. 36453). Locally consumed but its visceral organs may be toxic.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 31174)
Human uses
Ytterligare information
Age/SizeTillväxtLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMorfometriMorfologiLarverLarvdynamikRekryteringAbundansBRUVS
referenserVattenbrukVattenbruksprofilAvelslinjerGenetikElectrophoresesÄrftlighetSjukdomarBehandlingNutrientsMass conversion
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.5 - 28.4, mean 27.3 °C (based on 1083 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01950 (0.01594 - 0.02386), b=2.90 (2.86 - 2.94), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 66 [29, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 0.762 [0.386, 1.730] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.4, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.149 [0.075, 0.288] g/100g; Selenium = 36.8 [16.9, 78.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 51.6 [13.8, 208.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.46 [0.94, 2.18] mg/100g (wet weight);
