分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 85 m (Ref. 13608), usually 5 - 10 m (Ref. 40849). 亞熱帶的; 21°C - 30°C (Ref. 26); 50°N - 40°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 54341)
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in tropical and subtropical waters. Highly migratory species
大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 55.8, range 35 - 93.1 cm
Max length : 210 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9846); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3390); 最大體重: 40.0 kg (Ref. 30874); 最大年齡: 4 年 (Ref. 2885)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 58-66; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 25 - 31; 脊椎骨: 31. This species is distinguished by having the following characters: mature males with prominent bony crest in front of the head; greatest body depth in adults less than 25% of standard length; tooth patch on tongue small and oval; single dorsal fin extending from above eye almost to caudal fin with 58-66 rays; a concave anal fin extending from anus almost to caudal fin; pectoral fin more than half of head length; lateral-line scales at least 200 (Ref. 9648). Colour of body metallic blue-green on the back (fading to grey with green tinge when dead), sides silver with golden sheen, and 1 row of dark spots or golden blotches running below dorsal fin and 1, 2, or more rows on and below lateral line, some scattered irregularly; dorsal and anal fins
black, the latter with a white edge; pectoral fins pale; caudal fin silvery with a golden sheen; in juveniles, only tips of caudal-fin lobes white, pelvic fins black (Ref. 9648).
最大的體高當成魚時少於 25% 的標準長度; 在舌上的齒列小的與橢圓形; 從眼睛上方延伸的單一背鰭幾乎到尾鰭有 58-66個鰭條; 一個延伸的凹臀鰭從肛門幾乎到尾鰭; 胸鰭超過一半的頭長.(參考文獻 10948) 尾部的脊椎骨通常 18.(參考文獻 10998) 成熟的雄魚在頭部之前有突出的多骨冠。 顏色被顯著的側邊上有金色的色, 鐵藍色的與綠色在背部與側邊上, 有白色與黃色的下部。 小的標本有明顯的縱帶在身體側邊上。
Adults are found in open waters but also near the coast (Ref. 9293, 11230). Form schools. Feed on almost all forms of fish and zooplankton; also takes crustaceans and squid (Ref. 2850). Sexual maturity is reached in 4-5 months (3 for captive fish) (Ref. 11441). Spawn in the open sea and probably approximate to the coast when water temperature rises (Ref. 9293). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6755). Attracting devices such as floating bundles of bamboo reeds or cork planks are used to concentrate dolphin fish before the nets are set. Marketed frozen (Ref. 9987) and fresh and is of high value (Ref. 9293). Caught by trolling and on tuna longlines; also occasionally with drift nets (Ref. 9846).
發現於開放的水域了也在海岸的附近.(參考文獻 9293,11230) 形成魚群。 吃幾乎所有的形式魚與浮游動物; 也捕食甲殼類動物與烏賊.(參考文獻 2850) 性成熟在 4-5 個月 (3 對於捕獲的魚) 內被達成。 (參考文獻 11441) 產卵在開放海域而且可能接近水溫上升的海岸。 (參考文獻 9293) 在網被設定之前，例如漂浮的竹葦束或木板被用來的吸引的裝置集中海豚魚。 在市場上冷凍銷售了 (參考文獻 9987) 與生鮮地而且是高的價值.(參考文獻 9293)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
In East African waters, spawning season may last from March to early June and spawning occurs inshore. In the western Pacific, sex ratios were about equal during spawning season. Spawning in the western Atlantic occurs over an extended period of time.
Spawn naturally in captivity without artificial inducement (Ref. 41779).大西洋，印度洋與太平洋: 在熱帶與亞熱帶的水域中。 高度遷移的種,1982年海事法會議的附件一.(參考文獻 26139)
Palko, B.J., G.L. Beardsley and W.J. Richards, 1982. Synopsis of the biological data on dolphin-fishes, Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus and Coryphaena equiselis Linnaeus. FAO Fish. Synop. (130); NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. (443). (Ref. 26)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 September 2010
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 29.1, mean 27.4 °C (based on 5894 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01349 (0.01052 - 0.01730), b=2.88 (2.80 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.0 (0.7 - 2.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 15
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.4-1.2; tm<1; tmax=5; Fec=85,000).
Prior r = 1.09, 95% CL = 0.72 - 1.64, Based on 7 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 61.9 [27.9, 135.3] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [0.82, 3.12] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.8, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.237 [0.109, 0.518] g/100g; Selenium = 51.9 [21.7, 122.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 2.57 [0.64, 11.45] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.54 [0.34, 0.88] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
