分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 非产卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 22°N - 19°N
Oceania: Hawaii. Reported from USA (Ref. 3881).
大洋洲: 夏威夷。 記錄來自美國了。 (參考文獻 3881)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 44091)
Generally brown to black in color; pelvic fins separate rather than fused into a disc; young fish <2.5 cm long are distinctively jet black on the upper body and lighter on the sides and belly (Ref. 44091).
通常褐色到黑色的; 腹鳍分开而不愿融合成一个体盘; 幼鱼 <2.5 公分长特殊地在身体上半部上是墨黑色与颜色淡的侧边上与腹面.(参考文献 44091)
Found in both altered and unaltered streams, but being unable to climb waterfalls restricts its habitat to the lower reaches of streams and estuaries; can be observed darting into the mud and leaf litter, or sheltering among rocks and cobble, rarely showing in the open; highly predaceous on various invertebrates, e.g. slow-moving thiarid snails and asiatic clams, and fishes; traditionally caught with a baited hook attached to a short stick (fishing method called kiomo'omo); relished as a food item, particularly when wrapped with leaves and roasted; now prized as bait by near-shore papio fisherman (Ref. 44091).
发现于改变与未被改变的溪流, 但是不能攀登瀑布限制对溪流与河口的下面范围的它的栖息地; 能被观察进入泥与腐叶之内冲出, 或在岩石与圆石之中隐匿, 很少地在露天下显示; 高度食肉在各种不同的无脊椎动物, 例如缓慢移动的 thiarid 蜗牛与 asiatic 蛤 , 与鱼上; 传统地捕获了一个有诱饵的鱼钩依附于一根短的树枝了;(钓鱼方法被称为 kiomo'omo) 品尝作为一个食物, 特别地当以树叶包装而且烤了; 现在珍视如近岸 papio 渔夫的诱饵。 (参考文献 44091)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
大洋洲: 夏威夷。 記錄來自美國了。 (參考文獻 3881)
Tinker, S.W., 1978. Fishes of Hawaii, a handbook of the marine fishes of Hawaii and the Central Pacific Ocean. Hawaiian Service Inc., Honolulu. 568 p. (Ref. 583)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 诱饵: usually
更多信息
俗名同种异名新陈代谢捕食者生态毒物学繁殖成熟度产卵场产卵群集孕卵数卵卵的发育
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00535 - 0.02352), b=3.19 (3.00 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
