Classification / Names
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Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Leuciscinae
Etymology: Alburnus: From the city of Al Bura, where the fish was known (Ref. 45335); sarmaticus: Named after the Sarmatians, referring to an earlier group of tribes that inhabited southern European Russia, Ukraine and the eastern Balkans from the 5th century BC to the 4th century AD..
More on authors: Freyhof & Kottelat.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο βενθοπελαγικό. Temperate
Europe: Rivers South Bug and Dniepr in Ukraine; River Danube in Romania and most likely in Ukraine and Bulgaria; River Kolpa, an upper tributary to the River Save in Croatia and Slovenia (Ref. 75106). Almost extirpated in Danube; seems to survive only in River Kolpa (Ref. 59043).
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 59043)
Short description
Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Differs from other species of shemayas by the combination of the following characters: origin of anal fin about 1½ -2½ scales behind dorsal-fin base; anal fin with 15-17½ branched rays; gill rakers 27-34; length of gill raker at angle between upper and lower limbs of first gill arch 30-55% of opposite inner gill filament; lateral line scales 56-63 + 4-5; ventral keel exposed for 4-6 scales in front of anus, reaching about 25% of distance between anus and pelvic-fin base; head length 21-23% SL; predorsal length 53-58% SL; caudal peduncle depth 6.9-8.1% SL,1.7-2.0 times in its length; eye diameter 4.8-5.8% SL, 1.3-1.6 times in interorbital distance; presence of numerous small tubercles in nuptial males; absence of faint, dark midlateral stripe (Ref. 75106).
Inhabits lower and middle parts of large rivers, estuaries, coastal lakes and adjacent areas of seas where salinity is lowered by large inflow of freshwater. Can tolerate salinities of up to 12 ppt. Adults mainly prey on planktonic crustaceans, terrestrial insects, and small fish. Larvae and young juveniles feed on zooplankton, algae and insect larvae. Spawns in riffles with heavy current on gravel bottom. There are semi-anadromous and riverine populations. Anadromous populations commence to enter rivers in autumn and move upstream in winter and/or spring. Adults move back to the sea soon after spawning to forage. Young individuals migrate downriver in autumn of same year or the following spring. Hybridizes with Squalius cephalus. All populations sharply declined in the early and middle 20th century due to the constructed dams that hindered in reaching the spawning grounds. Today, spawning occurs only below these dams (Ref. 59043).
Deposits sticky eggs which adhere on pebbles or stones (Ref. 59043).
Freyhof, J. and M. Kottelat, 2007. Review of the Alburnus mento species group with description of two new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 18(3):213-225. (Ref. 75106)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
Age/SizeΑύξησηLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesΜορφομετρίαΜορφολογίαΠρονύμφεςΔυναμική προνυμφώνΣτρατολόγησηΑφθονίαBRUVS
ΑναφορέςΥδατοκαλλιέργειεςΠροφίλ υδατοκαλλιέργειαςΣτελέχοιΓενετικήElectrophoresesΚληρονομικότηταΑσθένειεςΜεταποίησηNutrientsMass conversion
ΣυνεργάτεςΦωτογραφίεςStamps, Coins Misc.ΉχοιΣιγκουατέραΤαχύτηταΚολυμβητικός ΤύποςΕπιφάνεια βραγχίωνOtolithsΕγκέφαλοιΌραση
Εργαλεία
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00661 (0.00314 - 0.01391), b=3.13 (2.96 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (Assuming Fec < 10,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
