Albula esuncula, Eastern Pacific bonefish

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Albula esuncula (Garman, 1899)

Eastern Pacific bonefish
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drawing shows typical species in Albulidae.

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> Albuliformes (Bonefishes) > Albulidae (Bonefishes) > Albulinae
Etymology: Albula: Latin, albus = white (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water rifbewoner. Tropical

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Eastern Pacific: southern Gulf of California, Mexico to at least San Pablo, Ecuador.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 84196)

Korte beschrijving Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 17-18; Anale zachte stralen: 8 - 9. Distinguished from A. gilberti by diagnostic nucleotide substitutions at 17 different sites in the 544 bp cytb gene segment. In A. esuncula, the pelvic-fin tip does not surpass the anterior edge of the anus whereas it may reach the posterior edge in A. gilberti. In A. esuncula, the number of pelvic-fin rays is always 10 whereas it varies from 9 to 12 in A. gilberti. Lateral-line scale counts and numbers of rakers on the first gill arch are lower in A. esuncula (68–71 vs. 68–73 and 3–8 vs. 4–10, respectively). Since we examined only four or nine specimens of A. esuncula, according to the characteristic, the diagnostic value of the meristic differences between both species and the position of the pelvic-fin tip should not be considered validated yet and be used with caution (Ref. 88068).

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven

Spawning occurs in open waters. Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 205).

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Pfeiler, E., B.G. Bitler, R. Ulloa, A.M. van der Heiden and P.A. Hastings, 2008. Molecular identification of the bonefish Albula esuncula (Albuliformes: Albulidae) from the tropical eastern Pacific, with comments on distribution and morphology. Copeia 2008(4):763-770. (Ref. 84196)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 May 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Harmless





Gebruik door de mens

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Estimates based on models

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5007   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00605 - 0.02387), b=3.03 (2.85 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).