Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; نطاق العمق ? - 50 m (Ref. 59043). Subtropical
Eurasia: Coastal zone of western Caspian Sea, drainages from northern Azerbaijan to Volga and Ural. Terek is the main spawning river. Status of threat: least concern.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 130 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 59043); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 9.0 kg (Ref. 99764)
وصف مختصر
الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي
Distinguished from the only congener Salmo ezenami in European Caspian basin by the following unique characters: maxilla reaching posterior margin of eye; and gill rakers pointed, tips never club-changed. Diagnosed from Salmo capius, a species restricted to southern Caspian basin, by its unique body depth about 15-20% SL (vs. 21-26); differs further by the combination of having head depth about 59-65% HL (vs. 68-75) and interorbital distance about 30-42% HL (vs. 37-48) (Ref. 59043).
At the sea, it occurs along coast at depths of up to 50 m. Resident part of populations live in streams and uppermost reaches with fast current, cold clear water and stone or gravel bottom. Parrs and resident adults prey on aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates. Anadromous and large lacustrine individuals feed predominantly on fish, but also take large crustaceans. Undertakes migration to hill streams. Usually spawns in the upper reaches of rivers with fast current. Damming hinders both migrating juveniles to reach the sea and returning adults to reach spawning sites. Species survival depends solely on resident populations (Ref. 59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مزيد من المعلومات
العمر/ الحجمنموالطول-الوزنالطول-الطولالطول- التردداتقياسات المظهر الخارجيالوصف الخارجيLarvaeحركة انتقال اليرقاتتوظيفالوفرةBRUVS
مراجعالأستزراع المائيملف الأستزراع المائيسلالاتجينيElectrophoresesالتوريثالأمراضمعالجةNutrientsMass conversion
المتعاونينصورStamps, Coins Misc.اصواتالتسمم باكل السمكسرعةنوع السباحةمنطقة الخياشيمعظمة الأذندماغرؤية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00488 - 0.02245), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفظ جدا, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أكثر من 14 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
