Klassifizierung / Names
Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
>
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich ? - 130 m (Ref. 124120). Subtropical
Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean, and the Black Sea
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm 9.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 23.2 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 124816); common length : 14.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3397); max. veröff. Gewicht: 120.00 g (Ref. 124816)
Kurzbeschreibung
Morphologie | Morphometrie
This species is distinguished by the following characters: protrusible mouth; lateral line scales not more than 73; head length is equal or greater than body depth; colouration clear yellowish or gray-brownish and a brownish spot at the base of the pectoral fin; color varies with age, sex and season (Ref. 124120).
Ocuurs on sand or muddy bottoms, down to about 130 m. This species is a demersal schooling fish, with eggs and larvae plaktonic (Ref. 124120).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Şalcioğlu, A., C. Gubili, G. Krey, S. Sakinan and R. Bi̇lgi̇n, 2021. Molecular characterization and phylogeography of Mediterranean picarels (Spicara flexuosa, S. maena and S. smaris) along the coasts of Turkey and the Eastern Mediterranean. Regional Studies in Marine Science 45[101836]:1-13.. (Ref. 124120)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Mehr Information
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = No PD50 data [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.01029 - 0.01281), b=3.02 (2.99 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (13 of 100).