Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina; brackvatten bottenlevande; djupintervall 0 - 35 m. Subtropical; 10°S - 45°S
Eastern Indian Ocean: southern Australia, from Western Australia to Victoria, New South Wales, including Tasmania.
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.5 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2156); rapporterad maxålder: 14 år (Ref. 2156)
Short description
Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 12 - 13; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 7-10; Taggstrålar i analfenan 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 4 - 6; Ryggkotor: 28. Lack scales (Ref. 33616).
Occur in inshore waters (Ref. 9563). Most active at night, lying motionless during the day. Spawn during August-September and seem to be triggered by an increase in water temperature at the onset of spring. Smaller individuals feed mainly on shrimps and crabs, while bigger ones are piscivorous (Ref. 2156). Adults possess venomous infraorbital, preopercular and dorsal-fin spines (Ref. 33616).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Neira, F.J., A.G. Miskiewicz and T. Trnski, 1998. Larvae of temperate Australian fishes: laboratory guide for larval fish identification. University of Western Australia Press. 474 p. (Ref. 33616)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Human uses
Ytterligare information
referenserVattenbrukVattenbruksprofilAvelslinjerGenetikElectrophoresesÄrftlighetSjukdomarBehandlingNutrientsMass conversion
MedarbetareBilderStamps, Coins Misc.LjudCiguateraHastighetSimsättGälytaOtolithsHjärnstorlekSyn
Verktyg
Special reports
Download XML
Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.9 - 22.9, mean 17.9 °C (based on 356 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 9.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.12; tm=2-4; tmax=14).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (55 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 114 [48, 258] mg/100g; Iron = 1.13 [0.58, 2.25] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [16.5, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.499 [0.215, 1.295] g/100g; Selenium = 16.9 [7.4, 42.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.4 [8.8, 73.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.32 [0.89, 1.96] mg/100g (wet weight);
