分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes)
魨形目 (Puffers and filefishes) >
Balistidae (Triggerfishes)
鱗魨科 (Triggerfishes)
Etymology: Balistes: Latin, balista, -ae = crossbowman. In Greek, ballo = to throw (Ref. 45335); capriscus: Specific name 'capriscus' meaning a small goat; probably referring to its 'face' which looks like a small goat (to be confirmed)...
More on author: Gmelin.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 7348), usually 0 - 55 m (Ref. 55172). 亞熱帶的; 58°N - 37°S, 98°W - 36°E
Western and Eastern Atlantic:
東大西洋: 地中海到安哥拉的莫卡米底斯。 西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷.(參考文獻 7251)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 17.0, range 13 - 29.7 cm
Max length : 66.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 127374); common length : 44.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 47377); 最大體重: 6.2 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 15 年 (Ref. 107826)
背棘 (總數): 3; 背的軟條 (總數): 26-29; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 23 - 26. Tall, with a small mouth and plate like scales (Ref. 35388). Three faint irregular broad dark bars on body; a narrow pale transverse band on chin; small light blue spots on upper half of body and median fins, and irregular short lines ventrally (Ref. 13442).
高的, 具有一個小的嘴與像鱗片的碟.(參考文獻 35388) 在身體上的三條模糊的不規則的寬深色的橫帶; 在下巴上的一條狹窄的灰白橫跨的條紋; 腹地的在身體與中央的鰭上半部上的小的淺藍色斑點 , 與不規則的短線.(參考文獻 13442)
Inhabits bays, harbors, lagoons, and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). May drift with young at surface among Sargassum (Ref. 9710). Usually solitary or in small groups (Ref. 9710). Feeds on benthic invertebrates like mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 4727). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Consumed mostly fresh, smoked, and dried salted. The flesh is of excellent quality. Because it is resistant to capture, it proliferates and competes for food with other species (Ref. 5377).
棲息於海灣，港灣，潟湖與臨海礁石。 (參考文獻 9710) 在 馬尾藻 之中的表面可以和幼魚一起漂流。 (參考文獻 9710) 通常獨居性的或形成小群魚群.(參考文獻 9710) 吃底棲的像軟體動物與甲殼動物的無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 4727) 消費了大部份生鮮、煙燻, 與乾燥鹽醃。 肉是有優良品質的。 因為捕獲是有抵抗性, 它增殖而且與其他的種競爭食物。 (參考文獻 5377)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Adults guard the embryos nested in sand which hatched in about two days (Ref. 9778).東大西洋: 地中海到安哥拉的莫卡米底斯。 西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到阿根廷.(參考文獻 7251)
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., B.B. Collette and B.E. Luckhurst, 1999. Fishes of Bermuda: history, zoogeography, annotated checklist, and identification keys. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 4. 424 p. (Ref. 35505)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 9 - 26.2, mean 17.8 °C (based on 1432 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02089 (0.01769 - 0.02468), b=2.90 (2.85 - 2.95), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.0 (2.6 - 4.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 20
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.18-0.43; tm=1).
Prior r = 0.53, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.79, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.4 [6.5, 68.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.507 [0.242, 1.275] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.6, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.212 [0.146, 0.316] g/100g; Selenium = 21.2 [8.9, 47.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25 [6, 111] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.5 [0.3, 0.8] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
