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Elasmobranchii (hajar och rockor) (sharks and rays) > Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) > Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; odontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back. (See ETYFish); japonicus: -icus, (Gr.) belonging to: Japan, described from a collection of fishes from the seas of Japan. (See ETYFish).
More on authors: Miklouho-Maclay & Macleay.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina bottenlevande; djupintervall 6 - 100 m (Ref. 106604). Subtropical; 43°N - 23°N, 118°E - 143°E

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Northwest Pacific: off Japan, Korean Republic, northern China including Taiwan Island.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 120 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 247)

Found near shore on the continental shelf, more commonly on rocky and kelp-covered bottom (Ref. 43278, 11230). Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks (including top shells), small fishes and sea urchins. Oviparous (Ref. 43278, 50449). Grabs prey by protruding its jaw with considerable distance.

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Oviparous. Eggs are laid in rocks or in kelp at depths of about 8 or 9 m and are present from March through September. Eggs are more abundant, however, in March and April. Eggs are hatched in about a year; size at hatching is about 18 cm. There may be a `nest' for several females laying eggs but this is not a true nest. A female lays two eggs at a time, for 6 to 12 spawnings.

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Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Traumatogenic

Human uses

Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell

FAO - fiskeri: species profile; Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 16.6 - 23.5, mean 20.5 °C (based on 50 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5059 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00166 - 0.00872), b=3.15 (2.95 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.53 se; based on food items.

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (Fec=12).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & Macleay, 1884