Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.3 - 14.9, mean 10.4 °C (based on 197 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00476 - 0.02897), b=2.88 (2.66 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.4 [2.1, 336.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.857 [0.082, 10.406] mg/100g; Protein = 14.6 [10.6, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.27 [0.10, 0.74] g/100g; Selenium = 29 [5, 136] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.81 [0.46, 69.02] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.792 [0.054, 9.133] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies. 
