分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods) >
Macrouridae (Grenadiers or rattails)
Etymology: Coryphaenoides: Greek, koryphaina = dolphin fish + Suffix oides = similar to (Ref. 45335); acrolepis: From the Greek 'acros' meaning sharp and 'lepis' meaning scale (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Bean.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海底的; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 300 - 3700 m (Ref. 50550), usually 900 - 1300 m (Ref. 56476). 深水域; 1°C - 4°C (Ref. 1371); 62°N - 28°N, 134°E - 115°W (Ref. 1371)
North Pacific: northern Japan to Okhotsk and Bering seas, south along North American coasts to northern Mexico.
北太平洋: 日本北方到鄂霍次克海與白令海, 向南延伸北美岸邊到墨西哥北部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 55.5, range 46 - 65 cm
Max length : 104 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 56527); common length : 46.9 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 56476); 最大体重: 3.0 kg (Ref. 56476); 最大年龄: 73 年 (Ref. 35883)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数): 2; 背的软条 (总数): 122; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 94. Head large, scaled completely except for a narrow ventrolateral strip on snout; eyes also large; snout short, pointed and with tubercular scales along its leading edge; chin with a small chin barbel. Body tapering to a point posteriorly from behind the insertion of the first dorsal-fin spine. Scales adherent, with 3 to 5 divergent rows of coarse spinules. Pyloric caeca 12 to 14. Overall color is gray to grayish-brown in young, turning to dark brown in adults; fins generally dark. Branchiostegal rays: 6-6 (Ref. 36385).
头部大的, 覆有鳞片的完全地在吻上除了狭窄的腹侧长条; 眼也大的; 吻短的, 尖的而且与有小瘤的鳞片沿着它的前缘; 下巴具有一个小的下巴触须。 身体在后部地从在后第一背鳍棘的嵌入渐渐变细成一个尖点。 鳞片追随者,对 5 分歧的列粗糙的小刺有三个。 幽门盲囊 12 到 14. 整体的色彩是灰色到浅灰褐色当幼鱼时, 旋转到深褐色的当成鱼时; 鳍通常深色的。 鳃条骨: 6-6.(参考文献 36385)
A benthopelagic mid-slope species, that appears to wander off slope bottoms into midwater (Ref. 1371). Adults feed on small fish, euphausiids, prawns, amphipods and cephalopods (Ref. 1371). Oviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 36385).
大洋底栖性鱼种中程斜坡的种, 那似乎游荡外海的斜坡底部进入中层水域.(参考文献 1371) 成鱼吃小鱼，磷虾，虾，片脚类动物与头足类动物。 (参考文献 1371) 卵生的, 仔鱼为浮游性.(参考文献 36385)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 36385).北太平洋: 日本北方到鄂霍次克海與白令海, 向南延伸北美岸邊到墨西哥北部。
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.3 - 3.8, mean 2.4 °C (based on 174 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00141 (0.00085 - 0.00234), b=3.19 (3.04 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.54 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 45.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (K=0.02-0.04; tmax=73).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 11.1 [5.3, 31.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.291 [0.136, 0.661] mg/100g; Protein = 16.4 [14.6, 18.1] %; Omega3 = 0.203 [0.082, 0.497] g/100g; Selenium = 33.6 [11.1, 135.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.83 [1.59, 61.63] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.42 [0.24, 0.75] mg/100g (wet weight);
