Alphestes afer, Mutton hamlet : fisheries, aquarium

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Alphestes afer (Bloch, 1793)

Mutton hamlet
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Alphestes afer   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Alphestes afer (Mutton hamlet)
Alphestes afer
Picture by Rocha, L.A.

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Alphestes: Greek, alphestes, -oy = a kind of fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina revassocierade; ej vandrande; djupintervall 2 - 30 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 32°N - 27°S, 86°W - 32°W (Ref. 5222)

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Bermuda, south Florida (USA), Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, Cuba, West Indies, Panama, Venezuela, and southward to the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Alphestes afer has recently been re-discovered at São Tomé in the Gulf of Guinea of the Eastern Atlantic.

Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: Lm 18.0, range 18 - 18.4 cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5222)

Short description Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 11; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 17-20; Taggstrålar i analfenan 3; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 9 - 10. Diagnosis: Body depth is slightly less than head length, depth contained 2.4-3.1 (2.9) in standard length; caudal peduncle depth 7.0-9.0 (8.5) times in SL; eye diameter greater than or equal to snout length and 8.1-15.0 (13) times in SL; snout length 10.1-16.0 (16.0) times in SL; preopercle rounded, posterior edge serrate, with a large antrorse spine at the angle directed downward and forward and usually covered with skin. Gill rakers 5-8 (7) on upper limb, 14-17 (16) on lower limb, 19-25 (23) total, including rudiments. Dorsal fin with XI spines and 17 to 20 (18) soft rays, anal fin with III spines and 9, rarely 10 (10) soft rays; pectoral fins with 16 - 18 (17) rays; caudal fin rounded, with 15 branched rays. Scales are smooth. Lateral-line scales 49-66; lateral scale series 68 – 88 (76). Color in life; head, body, and median fins olivaceous or light brown, irregularly blotched and barred with dark brown. Some individuals are densely spotted with orange; head, body, and all fins often with scattered white spots; body sometimes covered with scattered small black dots; pectoral fins may be orange or yellow with faint dark reticulations (Ref. 57865); Color in market: almost similar to color in life but general body color may fade to a pale drab cream, also spots and reticulations may fade (Ref. 89707).

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

A solitary species (Ref. 26340) occurring in seagrass habitats. Sedentary during the day, hiding in crevices or lying among seaweed, sometimes partly covering itself with sand while lying on its side. Nocturnal feeders of benthic crustaceans. Estimated eggs per fish is from 157512 to 223706 (Ref. 29). Small, colorful group; a sequential hermaphrodite (Ref. 26938). Has been traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Protogyny is unconfirmed for this species (Ref. 103751).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 19 December 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30303)





Human uses

Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Ytterligare information

Länder
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Ekosystem
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Ekologi
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Födointag
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synonymer
Metabolik
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Ekotoxikologi
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Könsmognad
Lek
Spawning aggregation
Fecundity
Ägg
Egg development
Age/Size
Tillväxt
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Morfometri
Morfologi
Larver
Larvdynamik
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referenser
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Otoliths
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Special reports

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Internet-källor

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationella databaser | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Offentliga akvarier | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.6 - 28.1, mean 27.5 °C (based on 668 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6250   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00260 - 0.00768), b=2.87 (2.73 - 3.01), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens (Ref. 120179):  Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Fec=150,000-220,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 47.5 [29.1, 84.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.557 [0.308, 0.928] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.7, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.143 [0.097, 0.216] g/100g; Selenium = 27.2 [17.3, 47.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 106 [38, 322] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.22 [0.86, 1.71] mg/100g (wet weight);