| Main Ref. | Chen, L.J. and K.-T. Shao, 1991 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | elongated |
| Cross section | oval |
| Dorsal head profile | clearly convex |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | superior |
| Type of scales | |
| Diagnosis |
Developed gill raker 10-12. Head and body covered with scales. Operculum with a sharp strong spine and preoperculum with 2 spinules at the lower angle (Ref. 43544). |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total | 58 - 60 |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 102 - 106 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes | pointed; confluent |
| Fins number | 1 |
| Spines total | |
| Soft-rays total | 86 - 87 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 22 - 25 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes reduced to filaments |
| Position jugular before origin of D1 | |
| Spines 0 | |
| Soft-rays 2 - 2 |