Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 40 - 250 m (Ref. 90102), usually ? - 110 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical
Western Pacific: subtropical waters of Japan, ranging south into the China Seas, Taiwan and the Philippines.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710)
Inhabit deep rocky reefs, generally between 120-190 m in the tropics (Ref. 9710), in the East Indies usually found below 110 m (Ref. 90102). Found in shallow, muddy open substrates with outcrops of reef or debris in sub-tropical waters (Ref. 48636). Often in aggregations (Ref. 9710). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Burgess, W.E., 1978. Butterflyfishes of the world. A monograph of the Family Chaetodontidae. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 4855)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial
More information
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsElectrophoresesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingNutrientsMass conversion
Tools
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