分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 20 - 60 m (Ref. 5217). 熱帶; 33°N - 33°S, 99°W - 30°W
Western Atlantic: Florida Keys (USA), Bermuda, and Bahamas to Brazil. Found throughout the West Indies; absent in Colombia (Ref. 3798).
西大西洋: 佛羅里達調音 (美國), 百慕達群島 , 與巴哈馬到巴西。 在西印度群島各處發現; 不存在於哥倫比亞。 (參考文獻 3798)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 30.5, range 30 - ? cm
Max length : 79.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 7.1 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (總數): 12; 背的軟條 (總數): 15-17; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7 - 8. Scale rows immediately below lateral line oblique (Ref. 26938). Usual color phase dull silvery, the fins largely gray; no black pigment below upper margin of preopercle; the dorsal and caudal fins of subadults and the back above a line from dorsal base to lower margin of caudal fin are often blackish (Ref. 13442).
鱗片列緊鄰側線斜角下方。 (參考文獻 26938) 平常的色相暗銀色的, 鰭相當灰色; 在前鰓蓋骨的上緣之下沒有黑色的色塊; 在從背鰭基底到尾鰭的下緣的一條線上面的亞成魚的背鰭與尾鰭與背部時常是黑色的。 (參考文獻 13442)
Inhabits seagrass beds, sand flats, coral reefs, and wrecks (Ref. 9710). Found in pairs or larger schools (Ref. 3798). Feeds on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 3798). Has been observed to nose into the sand to eat such subsurface invertebrates as peanut worms and heart urchins (Ref. 13442). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798).
棲息於海草床，沙地淺灘，珊瑚礁與殘骸。 (參考文獻 9710) 成對發現了或較大的魚群.(參考文獻 3798) 吃底棲的無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 3798) 曾經觀察探入沙子到吃如星蟲的地表下的無脊椎動物與心形海膽內.(參考文獻 13442) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 (參考文獻 3798)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 佛羅里達調音 (美國), 百慕達群島 , 與巴哈馬到巴西。 在西印度群島各處發現; 不存在於哥倫比亞。 (參考文獻 3798)
Cervigón, F., 1993. Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.1 - 27.6, mean 25 °C (based on 110 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00775 - 0.01866), b=3.00 (2.87 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.19-0.20; tm=3.5; Fec=800,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27 [10, 49] mg/100g; Iron = 0.501 [0.272, 0.902] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.5, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.118 [0.067, 0.188] g/100g; Selenium = 40.5 [24.4, 65.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 52.4 [21.5, 124.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.01 [0.72, 1.45] mg/100g (wet weight);
