分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 40 m (Ref. 9626). 亞熱帶的; 39°N - 23°S, 99°W - 30°W
Western Atlantic: Chesapeake Bay, through the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean southward to Brazil. Including Antilles (Ref. 26938).
西大西洋: 切薩皮克海灣，經過墨西哥灣與加勒比海向南至巴西。 包括安地列斯群島。 (參考文獻 26938)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 18.3, range 11 - 23.23 cm
Max length : 53.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3798); 最大體重: 4.4 kg (Ref. 4699)
背棘 (總數): 12; 背的軟條 (總數): 17; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Side of head has narrow blue stripes; scales above lateral line much larger than those below (Ref. 26938). Scale rows just below lateral line oblique; color variable but usually light yellowish (Ref. 13442).
頭側有狹窄的藍色斑紋; 鱗片在側線上面比下面的那些大很多.(參考文獻 26938) 在側線斜角正下方的鱗片列; 色彩可變的但是通常淡的淡黃色的.(參考文獻 13442)
Found in dense aggregations during the day on patch reefs, around coral formations, or on sandy bottoms (Ref. 9710). Juveniles common in Thalassia testudinum beds (Ref. 5217). Feeds on crustaceans, small mollusks, and small fishes. Frequently exhibits a territorial 'kissing' display in which two contenders push each other on the lips with their mouths wide open (Ref. 9710). Marketed fresh. Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35420).
在珊瑚結構周圍的礁坪上形成密集的魚群在白天期間或在砂質底部上.(參考文獻 9710) 稚魚常見於 Thalassia testudinum 床。 (參考文獻 5217) 吃甲殼動物，小的軟體動物與小魚。 時常展現一個領域性 '吻' 顯現在那一個二個競爭者以他們的嘴巴寬的在唇上推動彼此開放的.(參考文獻 9710) 在市場上銷售生鮮地了。 曾經後面在繁殖場.(參考文獻 35420)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 切薩皮克海灣，經過墨西哥灣與加勒比海向南至巴西。 包括安地列斯群島。 (參考文獻 26938)
Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman, 1978. Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3798)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 28, mean 25.9 °C (based on 342 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.01172 - 0.01702), b=2.99 (2.95 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.5 (3.1 - 7.0) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.16-0.35; tm=2; tmax=13; Fec=64,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.3 [6.7, 44.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.473 [0.231, 0.908] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [18, 22] %; Omega3 = 0.187 [0.092, 0.339] g/100g; Selenium = 14.4 [6.7, 29.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 57.2 [19.6, 171.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.754 [0.474, 1.170] mg/100g (wet weight);
