分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Claroteidae (Claroteid catfishes) > Claroteinae
Etymology: Chrysichthys: Greek, chrysos = golden + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 居于水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 3 - ? m (Ref. 13851). 热带; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468); 15°N - 13°S, 16°W - 30°E
Africa: Senegal to Cabinda, Angola (Ref. 3236, 81642). To the north also reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783), southwards down to the lower Congo River (Ref. 1879) and Angolan coastal rivers (Ref. 120641).
非洲: 塞内加尔到卡宾达，安哥拉.(参考文献 3236) 记录来自毛里塔尼亚了。 (参考文献 55783)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 81642)
背棘 (总数): 2; 背的软条 (总数): 6; 臀棘 0. Diagnosis: recognized by its pointed snout, the rather small mouth, and the width of the premaxillary tooth plate (1/5-1/3.5, usually 1/4, of head length); vomerine dentition represented by a square to rectangular tooth plate which begins to develop at sizes between 60 and 70 mm standard length; palatine dentition developing at sizes over 100 mm standard length, initially as isolated teeth; second or third branched dorsal-fin ray always the longest; upper caudal-fin lobe much longer than lower lobe; gill rakers long and smooth; other characters, such as length of dorsal fin, number of branched rays in anal fin, and number of gill rakers on first gill arch, are subject to intraspecific variations; sexually mature males and (some) ripe females show considerable morphological differences; such specimens have often been labelled as Chrysichthys furcatus; maturity occurs probably at a rather advanced stage (at over 200 mm SL) and leads to the inflation of head, broadening of mouth and premaxillary tooth plate, shortening of spines and overgrowth of fin-spines by thick skin, the fins becoming more rounded, and the caudal-fin lobes sometimes becoming subequal; the body acquires an emaciated, thinned down appearance (Ref. 57126, 81642). Characters only clear in mature males in
reproduction: adipose fin short, base contained 8-11 times in SL and measuring 28-64% of distance between dorsal fin and adipose fin; maxillary barbel not reaching beyond dorsal spine when extended; head swollen; skin mucous; spines thick and covered with skin (Ref. 81642).
Adults occur in shallow waters of lakes (less than 4 m), over mud and fine sand bottom. Omnivorous, feed on seeds, insects, bivalves and detritus (Ref. 13851). Feeding becomes specialized with age and size, larger fish may feed on decapods and fish (Ref. 27935).
出现于湖 (少于 4 公尺) 的浅水域,遍及泥与细砂底部。 杂食性, 吃种子，昆虫，二枚贝与碎屑。 (参考文献 13851) 进食变成随着年龄特殊化与大小, 较大的鱼可能吃十足类动物与鱼.(参考文献 27935)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
非洲: 塞内加尔到卡宾达，安哥拉.(参考文献 3236) 记录来自毛里塔尼亚了。 (参考文献 55783)
Risch, L. and E.J. Vreven, 2007. Claroteinae. p. 607-629. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 74659)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00854 - 0.01284), b=2.98 (2.92 - 3.04), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.2 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.12-0.65; Fec = 3,086-28,086).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 119 [71, 233] mg/100g; Iron = 1.48 [0.88, 2.35] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [15.8, 17.9] %; Omega3 = 0.272 [0.115, 0.642] g/100g; Selenium = 87.9 [39.6, 223.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.6 [7.7, 43.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.4 [1.0, 2.0] mg/100g (wet weight);
