分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 40 - 385 m. 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 18°N
Western Atlantic: North Carolina to Florida Keys in USA and throughout the Gulf of Mexico.
西大西洋: 北卡羅萊那州到佛羅里達在美國與在墨西哥灣各處調音。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251)
Inhabits offshore waters. Cleithral spine with venom gland (Ref. 57406).
栖息于离岸水域。 用毒液腺的匙骨棘.(参考文献 57406)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 北卡羅萊那州到佛羅里達在美國與在墨西哥灣各處調音。
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
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俗名同种异名新陈代谢捕食者生态毒物学繁殖成熟度产卵场产卵群集孕卵数卵卵的发育
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16 - 25.3, mean 20.8 °C (based on 56 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00631 (0.00266 - 0.01494), b=3.11 (2.90 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).