分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Esociformes (Pikes and mudminnows) >
Umbridae (Mudminnows)
Etymology: Umbra: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 5 - ?; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - ? m. 溫帶; 5°C - 24°C (Ref. 26183); 49°N - 43°N, 9°E - 31°E
Europe: Danube drainage from Vienna to delta; lower reaches of Dniestr drainage.
歐洲: 多瑙河與第聶伯河河流域。 在伯恩公約的附錄 2 中.(嚴格地受保育的動物群)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26183); common length : 5.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 59043)
简单描述
型态特徵 | 形态测量图
Differs from Umbra pygmaea by the lack of dark blotch at caudal base, its body and head irregularly strewn with small dark sport, and having 33-35 scales in midlateral series (Ref. 59043).
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit small irrigation canals and slowly flowing and stagnant waters with dense vegetation (Ref. 26183), usually in small ditches, oxbows, backwaters and shallow lakes (Ref. 59043). Territorial in shallow pools and swamps. They feed on larger crustacean plankton and invertebrate larvae (Ref. 26183). This species is under threat due to habitat destruction, irrigation works and disappearance of shallow ditches as suitable habitats, restrictions of river inundation, pressure from introduced fish species and chemical pollution (Ref. 26183).
用茂密的植物栖息于小的灌溉管与慢慢流动与污浊的水域。 (参考文献 26183) 在水浅的水池与沼泽中具有领域性。 吃比较大的甲壳类的浮游生物与无脊椎的仔鱼。 (参考文献 26183) 这种是处于威胁情况由于如适当的栖息地 , 河淹水的限制的栖息地破坏, 灌溉作品与水浅沟渠的消失, 受到引入鱼种与化学的污染压迫.(参考文献 26183)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Female guards the brood until hatching (Ref. 26183).歐洲: 多瑙河與第聶伯河河流域。 在伯恩公約的附錄 2 中.(嚴格地受保育的動物群)
Povz, M., 1995. Threatened fishes of the world: Umbra krameriWalbaum, 1792 (Umbridae). Environ. Biol. Fishes 43(3):232. (Ref. 26183)
人类利用
渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6329 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00411 - 0.02546), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1; tmax=5; K=0.79; Fec=200).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
