Scoliodon macrorhynchos, Pacific spadenose shark

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Scoliodon macrorhynchos (Bleeker, 1852)

Pacific spadenose shark
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分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii 板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) 真鯊目 (Ground sharks) > Carcharhinidae (Requiem sharks) 白眼鮫科 (Requiem sharks)
Etymology: Scoliodon: scolio-, from skolios (Gr.), oblique; odon (Gr.), tooth, referring to oblique teeth pointing towards sides of mouth. (See ETYFish);  macrorhynchos: macro-, from makros (Gr.), long; rhynchos (Gr.), snout, referring to its long (and extremely flattened) snout. (See ETYFish).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 居於水底的.

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Western Central Pacific: W Indonesia, Malaysia, Gulf of Thailand, Singapore, Borneo, Philippines, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan; exceptions, E Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Australia, and remainder of the Oceania region.

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 42.9, range 38 - 39.7 cm
Max length : 71.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 126960); 80.0 cm TL (female); 最大體重: 220.88 g (Ref. 124713)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

脊椎骨: 149 - 171. This small carcharhinid species is distinguished by the following set of characters: snout long and extremely flattened; slender body and tail; smooth-edged teeth with slender, strongly oblique, blade-like cusps and no cusplets; anterior teeth strongly sexually dimorphic, for adult males greatly elongate and flexuous; total tooth row counts 25-28/23-28 rows or 48-56 total rows; second dorsal-fin origin well posterior of anal-fin origin, about opposite posterior third of anal-fin base; second dorsal-fin origin to anal fin origin 6.0-9.1% TL, 1.3-2.5 times second dorsal-fin base; interdorsal space 17.9-22.2% TL; small pelvic fins, anterior margins 41-56% of pectoral anterior margin; first dorsal fin small, broadly triangular, origin behind pectoral fin free rear tips, free rear tip over posterior half of pelvic fin bases, length 12.9-15.5% TL, inner margin 2.1-3.0 in base; second dorsal fin very small, base 2.0-3.5 times height; height 18-27% of first dorsal-fin height; anal fin large, length 11.1-14.1% TL, height 1.7-2.5 times second dorsal-fin height, base 1.9-3.1 times second dorsal-fin base; total vertebral count 149-171, monospondylous precaudal count 44-50, diplospondylous precaudal count 53-64, diplospondylous caudal count 49-59, precaudal count 98-114; colour greenish-bronze dorsally, off white ventrally when fresh; preserved specimens are slate-grey dorsally whitish ventrally with waterline clearly demarcated along head, more diffuse along body, no distinct black spots on fins (Ref. 84283).

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Adults are found in shallow, inshore waters, most abundant near large freshwater outflows, e.g. Pearl River estuary (Hong Kong) and the large Borneo drainage systems (Ref. 84283).

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚


主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | 合作者

White, W.T., P.R. Last and G.J.P. Naylor, 2010. Scoliodon macrorhynchos (Bleeker, 1852), a second species of spadenose shark from the Western Pacific (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae). pp. 61-76. In P.R. Last, W.T. White, and J.J. Pogonoski (eds). Descriptions of new sharks and rays from Borneo. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper no. 32. (Ref. 84283)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  近危 (NT) (A2d); Date assessed: 29 April 2020

CITES


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 4.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Fec = 1; K=0.2;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).