分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Lamniformes (Mackerel sharks)
鼠鯊目 (Mackerel sharks) >
Odontaspididae (Sand tiger sharks)
砂錐齒鯊科 (Sand tiger sharks)
Etymology: Odontaspis: Etymology not explained, presumably odontos (Gr.), tooth, and aspis (Gr.), shield, perhaps referring to how teeth comprise a prominent narrow cusp provided with two or more small “side teeth” (translation), i.e., cusplets, which, with some imagination, could be said to “shield” the main cusp; another explanation: aspis (L.), viper, perhaps referring to outwardly pointing teeth of O. ferox, like that of a viper. (See ETYFish); ferox: Latin for fierce, possibly referring to what Risso described as its “La voracité extrême” and/or its toothy and ferocious countenance. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Risso.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 10 - 2000 m (Ref. 26346), usually 13 - 880 m (Ref. 89422). 深水域; 50°N - 49°S, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 54681)
Eastern Atlantic: Gulf of Gascony, Madeira, Morocco, Mediterranean; also Cape Verde (Ref. 27000). Western Atlantic: Yucatan Shelf, Mexico (Ref. 9939), Brazil (Ref. 53443). Indo-West Pacific: off South Africa and Maldives, Madagascar, southern Japan, Australia, and New Zealand (Ref. 13568). Expected to occur in the Western Central Pacific (Ref. 13568). Central Pacific: off Hawaii (Ref. 13568). Eastern Pacific: off southern California, USA and Baja California, Mexico (Ref. 13568).
東大西洋: 加斯科尼灣，馬得拉群島，摩洛哥, 地中海; 也維德角.(參考文獻 27000) 西大西洋: 墨西哥尤卡坦大陸棚 (參考文獻 9939) 巴西.(參考文獻 53443) 印度-西太平洋: 南非外海與馬爾地夫，馬達加斯加，日本南部，澳洲與紐西蘭.(參考文獻 13568) 預期出現出現在中西太平洋。 (參考文獻 13568) 中太平洋: 外海的夏威夷.(參考文獻 13568) 東太平洋: 外海的美國南加州與墨西哥的下加利福尼亞.(參考文獻 13568)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - 360 cm
Max length : 450 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 89422); 最大體重: 289.0 kg (Ref. 9939)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 0. A shark with a short, pointed snout, small eyes, protruding spike-like teeth, and small, equal-sized dorsal and anal fins; first dorsal closer to pectoral than to pelvic fins (Ref. 5578). Grey above, paler below (Ref. 6586); may have red spots on sides (Ref. 5578).
一鯊魚有一個短的﹐尖的吻﹐和小的眼, 伸出像長釘一樣的齒 , 與小又大小相同的背鰭與臀鰭; 第一背鰭更靠近胸鰭超過對腹鰭.(參考文獻 5578) 背面灰色的, 腹面灰白的;(參考文獻 6586) 在側邊上可能有紅色的斑點。 (參考文獻 5578)
Found on or near the bottom of the continental and insular shelves and upper slopes (Ref. 6871); sometimes in shallow water (Ref. 6871). Tagging showed the species dives up to 2,000 m at Malpelo Island, Colombia (S.Bessudo, pers.comm. 06/09). Feeds on small bony fishes, squids, and crustaceans (Ref. 13568). Uses its long body cavity and large, oily liver to regulate buoyancy. Ovoviviparous, embryos feeding on yolk sac and other ova produced by the mother (Ref. 50449). Not implicated in attacks on people (Ref. 247). Flesh utilized for human consumption and liver for its high squalene content (Ref. 247); utilization of fins, jaws and cartilage (Ref.58048).
棲息於大陸棚與島嶼棚與上層斜坡的近底部.(參考文獻 6871) 有時在淺水區中.(參考文獻 6871) 在 13-420 公尺的大洋底棲性魚種.(參考文獻 58302) 吃小的硬骨魚類，烏賊與甲殼動物。 (參考文獻 13568) 使用它的長體腔與大又多油的肝臟調節浮力。 卵胎生的, 胚胎吃產生於母親的卵黃囊與其他的卵.(參考文獻 50449) 不關係到對人的攻擊。 (參考文獻 247) 魚肉利用供人類消費與肝臟用於它的高 squalene 內容。 (參考文獻 247)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed (Ref. 50449). Two young born at 105 cm or larger (Ref. 26346). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 加斯科尼灣，馬得拉群島，摩洛哥, 地中海; 也維德角.(參考文獻 27000) 西大西洋: 墨西哥尤卡坦大陸棚 (參考文獻 9939) 巴西.(參考文獻 53443) 印度-西太平洋: 南非外海與馬爾地夫，馬達加斯加，日本南部，澳洲與紐西蘭.(參考文獻 13568) 預期出現出現在中西太平洋。 (參考文獻 13568) 中太平洋: 外海的夏威夷.(參考文獻 13568) 東太平洋: 外海的美國南加州與墨西哥的下加利福尼亞.(參考文獻 13568)
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.2 - 23.9, mean 17.3 °C (based on 810 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.8125 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00514 - 0.02450), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (Fec assumed to be <10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 2.12 [0.49, 12.27] mg/100g; Iron = 0.217 [0.051, 0.701] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.0, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.34 [0.14, 0.81] g/100g; Selenium = 26.9 [7.0, 81.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.46 [1.47, 28.36] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.187 [0.092, 0.357] mg/100g (wet weight);
