Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro demersale; distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 100 m (Ref. 33839). Subtropical
Eastern Indian Ocean and Southwest Pacific: south coast of Australia; New Zealand (Ref. 5755).
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9563)
Raggi dorsali molli (totale): 56-69; Raggi anali molli: 40 - 50. Body deep (47-60% SL). Snout slightly extended into fleshy process projecting more or less in front of oblique mouth. Scales very small, rather firmly attached; cycloid on both sides, covering head except well anteriorly. Caudal fin rays 14 -17 (Ref. 33839).
Common on silty sand substrates from estuaries and inshore waters down to 100 m depth. Juveniles occasionally entering rivers.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve, 1993. Australian fisheries resources. Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 422 p. (Ref. 6390)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: commerciale; Acquacoltura: sperimentale
Informazioni ulteriori
Nomi ComuniSinonimiMetabolismoPredatoriEcotossicologiaRiproduzioneMaturitàDeposizioneSpawning aggregationFecundityUovaEgg development
BibliografiaAcquacolturaProfilo di acquacolturaVarietàGeneticaElectrophoresesEreditarietàMalattieElaborazioneNutrientsMass conversion
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.9 - 18.3, mean 16.6 °C (based on 248 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01820 (0.00786 - 0.04213), b=2.97 (2.76 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Alto, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione meno di 15 mesi (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 107 [44, 243] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.50, 2.26] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [16.6, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.212 [0.104, 0.434] g/100g; Selenium = 38.1 [17.5, 93.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.74 [0.87, 17.31] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.728 [0.467, 1.155] mg/100g (wet weight);