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	<dc:identifier>FB-11307</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11307</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Atheriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Melanotaeniidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Melanotaenia</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Melanotaenia nigrans (Richardson, 1843)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Parma Batesova</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Batesi mokkparrak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>貝茨氏魮</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>贝茨氏魮</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Barbus batesi Boulenger, 1903</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Barbus batesii Boulenger, 1903</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Barbus linnellii Lönnberg, 1904</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1994-06-22</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-06-06</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=367&amp;speccode=11308'>Blache, J.0 Les poissons du bassin du Tchad et du bassin adjacent du Mayo Kebbi. Étude systématique et biologique. Mém. O.R.S.T.O.M. 4(2):483 p. (Ref. 367)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=11308'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget0 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=11308'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12818&amp;speccode=11308'>Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13331&amp;speccode=11308'>Paugy, D., K. Traoré and P.S. Diouf0 Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest. p.35-66. In G.G. Teugels, J.F. Guégan and J.J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 275:177 p. (Ref. 13331)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=11308'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=11308'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35508&amp;speccode=11308'>Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36653&amp;speccode=11308'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Zimbabwe. National Museum of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box 240, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. (Ref. 36653)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=11308'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-7036-139-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51055&amp;speccode=11308'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2.11.086730-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51193&amp;speccode=11308'>Vivien, J.0 Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et poissons. GICAM et Ministère de la Coopération et du Développement, Yaoundé/Paris. 271 p. (Ref. 51193)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=11308'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=11308'>Lévêque, C.0 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81639&amp;speccode=11308'>De Weirdt, D., A. Getahun, S. Tshibwabwa and G.G. Teugels0 Cyprinidae. p. 466-572. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81639)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83880&amp;speccode=11308'>Boulenger, G.A.0 On the fishes collected by Mr. G.L. Bates in Southern Cameroon. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1903(1):21-28. (Ref. 83880)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=11308'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=108777&amp;speccode=11308'>Vreven, E.J.W.M.N., T. Musschoot, J. Snoeks and U.K. Schliewen0 The African hexaploid Torini (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae): review of a tumultuous history. Zool. J. Lin. Soc. 177:231-305. (Ref. 108777)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-3-030-03083-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120641&amp;speccode=11308'>Skelton, P.H.0 Chapter 11. The freshwater fishes of Angola. p. 207-242. In B.J. Huntley, V. Russo, F. Lages and N. Ferrand (eds.) Biodiversity of Angola. Science &amp; conservation: a modern synthesis. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, Switzerland. 549 p. (Ref. 120641)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=11308'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-11308</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Dimitri Geelhand</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2013-04-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-06 17:32:08</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11308</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis: mouth inferior (Ref. 81639). Lips normally well developed, lower lip continuous (Ref. 81282, 81639). Geographical variations in mouth form: soft or “rubbery” versus keratinised (Ref. 2940, 81282). Two pairs of well-developed barbels; barbels long, posterior barbel reaching to or beyond posterior margin of eye (Ref. 81639). Scale formula 4.5/26-30/4.5 (Ref. 2940, 81282) or 4.5-5.5/26-33/3.5-4.5/2-3 (Ref. 81639). 2-3 (Ref. 81639) or 3 (Ref. 2940, 81282) scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin base. 12 scales around caudal peduncle (Ref. 2940, 81282, 81639). 8-9 (Ref. 2940, 81282) or 8-10 (Ref. 81639) dorsal fin branched rays. Last simple dorsal ray ossified and as long as or shorter than head in specimens over 150 mm SL (Ref. 2940, 81282) or measuring 0.67x HL (Ref. 81639). Description: large species; last simple dorsal-fin ray strong, bony, not serrated (Ref. 81282, 81639). Scales with parallel striae; lateral line complete; dorsal fin with concave border (Ref. 81639). D:IV,8-9 (Ref. 81282). D: III-IV, 8-10; A: III, 5-6; P: 15-18; V: 9-10 (Ref. 81639). Coloration: in life adult specimens are an overall bright golden color with dark scale pockets, while juveniles are marbled silver and brown pattern, with a conspicuous dark caudal peduncle spot (Ref. 81282). Preserved specimens brownish above, scales darker at base, white beneath; fins greyish (Ref. 81282, 81639). Pectoral and pelvic fins with black distal margin (Ref. 81639). </dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81639&amp;speccode=11308'>De Weirdt, D., A. Getahun, S. Tshibwabwa and G.G. Teugels 2007 Cyprinidae. p. 466-572. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81639)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-11308</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Dimitri Geelhand</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2013-04-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-06 17:32:08</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11308</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 13; Analsoft rays: 8 - 9</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81639&amp;speccode=11308'>De Weirdt, D., A. Getahun, S. Tshibwabwa and G.G. Teugels 2007 Cyprinidae. p. 466-572. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81639)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-11308</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-06-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-08-28 16:03:42</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:description>Africa:  widely distributed from the Cross River up to the Chiloango basin, including the Mungo, Wouri, Sanaga, Nyong, Kribi, Ntem, Ogowé and Nyanga; also known from the Dja (middle Congo River basin) and from Tibesti (Chad)(Ref. 81639).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=11308'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget 1984 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-11308</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-06-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-05-28 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=11308</dc:source>
	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-11308</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-06-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-05-28 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>43.5 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2801))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2801&amp;speccode=11308'>Lévêque, C. and J. Daget 1984 Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-11308</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-06-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-05-28 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater</dc:description>
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