FB-1132 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1132 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Clupeiformes Engraulidae Anchoa Anchoa lyolepis (Evermann & Marsh, 1900) Cocoroca Xira Sort gryntefisk Black grunt Blacktail Blacktail grunt Black-tail grunt Caesar grunt Gorète Grunt Redmouth grunt Crocro Gorette charbonnier Gueule rouge Bocacolorá Bocayate Corocoro de piedra Ronco carbonero 凯撤仿石鲈 凱撤仿石鱸 1990-10-17 2013-07-15 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276) Poey, F.0 Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba, acompañadas de sumarios latinos y extractos en francés. La Habana 1:1-463, pls. 1-34. (Ref. 451) Gaut, V.C. and J.L. 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McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-1131-2571 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-17 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Hacar_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Hacar_u1.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1998-04-27 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Occurs in clear rocky or coral reefs (Ref. 5217) and mangroves (Ref. 26340). Often forming schools (Ref. 3798). Nocturnal feeder on crabs, gastropods, starfish and annelid worms (Ref. 5521). Marketed fresh (Ref. 3798). Cervigón, F. 1993 Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-02-14 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Pale gray above; belly darker gray. Yellow stripes along side; bronze-yellow stripes and spots on head (Ref. 26938). Snout and fins primarily brownish (Ref. 13442). Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) FB-Morphology-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Grace Tolentino Pablico 2001-02-14 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 15 - 16; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 Smith, C.L. 1997 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) FB-Distribution-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2023-12-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 Western Atlantic: southern Florida (USA), Bahamas, and Yucatan, Mexico to Brazil; including the Gulf of Mexico and the entire Caribbean Sea (Ref. 9626). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Uses-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1998-04-27 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: public aquariums; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman 1978 Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3798) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-LifeCycle-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1998-04-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1131&StockCode=1147 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1995-04-05 00:00:00 2008-07-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public carbonarium http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occurs in clear rocky or coral reefs (Ref. 5217) and mangroves (Ref. 26340). Nocturnal feeder on crabs, gastropods, starfish and annelid worms (Ref. 5521). Mobile invertebrates feeder (Ref. 57616). Randall, J.E. 1967 Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847. FB-Size-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1998-04-27 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 36.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7251)) Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1131 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 1998-04-27 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1131 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size reef-associated; marine; depth range 3 - 25 m (Ref. 9626) Cervigón, F. 1993 Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p. (Ref. 9626)