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	<dc:identifier>FB-123</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Scombriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Scombridae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Scomberomorus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Scomberomorus guttatus (Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Serra-de-Monterey</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Monterey-kongemakrel</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Gulf sierra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Monterey Spanish mackerel</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Monterrey Spanish Mackerel</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Kalifornia kuningmakrell</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Thazard de Monterey</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>Kalifornijskaya korolevskaya makrel</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>макрель калифорнийская королевская</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>макрель королевская</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sv'>Montereymakrill</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Carite de Monterey</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Carite de Monterrey</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Sierra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Sierra del golfo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Sierra golfina</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>美洲馬鮫</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>美洲马鲛</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chriomitra concolor Lockington, 1879</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-09-03</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='92-5-103623-3.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&amp;speccode=122'>Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=276&amp;speccode=122'>Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2324&amp;speccode=122'>Munz, F.W.0 The visual pigments of epipelagic and rocky-shore fishes. Vision Res. 4:441-454. (Ref. 2324)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=122'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9340&amp;speccode=122'>Collette, B.B.0 Scombridae. Atunes, bacoretas, bonitos, caballas, estorninos, melva, etc. p. 1521-1543. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9340)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9987&amp;speccode=122'>Frimodt, C.0 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10937&amp;speccode=122'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the University of British Columbia Fish Museum Fish Museum. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (Ref. 10937)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11858&amp;speccode=122'>Hudson, E. and G. Mace (eds.)0 Marine fish and the IUCN red list of threatened animals. Report of the workshop held in collaboration with WWF and IUCN at the Zoological Society of London, April 29-May 1 1996. World Wildlife Fund, Zoological Society of London, The World Conservation Union, 26 p. (Ref. 11858)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12214&amp;speccode=122'>Collette, B.B. and J.L. Russo0 Morphology, systematics, and biology of the Spanish mackerels (&lt;i&gt;Scomberomorus&lt;/i&gt;, Scombridae). Fish. Bull. 82(4):545-692. (Ref. 12214)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12255&amp;speccode=122'>Baillie, J. and B. Groombridge (eds.)0 1996 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 378 p. (Ref. 12255)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26388&amp;speccode=122'>Sanches, J.G.0 Nomenclatura Portuguesa de organismos aquáticos (proposta para normalização estatística). Publ. Avuls. Inst. Nac. Invest. Pescas 14:322 p. (Ref. 26388)</reference>
	<reference isbn='968-817-319-3 (pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26550&amp;speccode=122'>Anonymous0 Atlas pesquero de México. Instituto Nacional de la Pesca. 234 p. (Ref. 26550)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27736&amp;speccode=122'>Escobar-Fernández, R. and M. Siri0 Nombres vernáculos y científicos de los peces del Pacífico mexicano. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Sociedad Ictiológica Mexicana, A.C. Mexico. (Ref. 27736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=122'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=122'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33255&amp;speccode=122'>Collette, B.B. and J.L. Russo0 An introduction to the spanish mackerels, genus &lt;i&gt;Scomberomorus&lt;/i&gt;. p. 3-16. In E.L. Nakumua and H.R. Bullis (eds.) Proceedings of the Mackerel Colloqium. Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission no. 4. (Ref. 33255)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='2-8317-0564-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36508&amp;speccode=122'>Hilton-Taylor, C.0 2000 IUCN red list of threatened species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. xviii + 61 p. (with 1 CD-ROM). (Ref. 36508)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57001&amp;speccode=122'>Ocean Biogeographic Information System0 &lt;i&gt;Scomberomorus concolor&lt;/i&gt; Data Extent Map (from OBIS Australia/ C Square Mapper). (data sourced from FishBase DiGIR Provider-Philippine Server). Retrieved July 05, 2006 at www.iobis.org. (Ref. 57001)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=122'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>It is now extinct outside the Gulf of California.  Supports a commercial net fishery close inshore, in estuaries and coastal marshes (Ref. 9987).  Its biology is almost completely unknown.  This fishery operates on a relict of the original population.</dc:description>
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	<dc:description>Interpelvic process small and bifid.  Swim bladder absent.  Lateral line gradually curving down toward caudal peduncle.  Intestine with 2 folds and 3 limbs.  Males with no streaks or spots while females have two alternate series of brown spots on sides.  Body entire covered with small scales, no anterior corselet.</dc:description>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 15 - 18; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 20; Analsoft rays: 19 - 23; Vertebrae: 46 - 48</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='92-5-103623-3.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&amp;speccode=122'>Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9987&amp;speccode=122'>Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-122</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-09-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=122</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=122'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-122</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-09-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=122</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>77.0 cm FL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 33255)); max. published weight: 3,600 g (Ref. 168)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33255&amp;speccode=122'>Collette, B.B. and J.L. Russo 1979 An introduction to the spanish mackerels, genus &lt;i&gt;Scomberomorus&lt;/i&gt;. p. 3-16. In E.L. Nakumua and H.R. Bullis (eds.) Proceedings of the Mackerel Colloqium. Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission no. 4. (Ref. 33255)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=168'>Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen 1983 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-122</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-09-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=122</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>pelagic-neritic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 15 - ? m (Ref. 9987)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=122'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9987&amp;speccode=122'>Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial warmwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9987)</reference></dataObject>
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