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	<dc:identifier>FB-1292</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Ariidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Plicofollis</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Plicofollis platystomus (Day, 1877)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Cangala malgache</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Madagascar sea catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Marine catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Mâchoiron malgache</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Duri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Pulutan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Utek</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sw'>Fumi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sw'>Hongwe</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Bagre malgache</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Gogo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Vahona</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>馬達加斯加海鯰</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>马达加斯加海鲶</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Arium madagascariensis (Vaillant, 1894)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Arius venosus (non Valenciennes, 1840)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Tachysurus madagascariensis (Vaillant, 1894)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-11-29</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2871&amp;speccode=1291'>Bianchi, G.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine and brackish-water species of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of TCP/URT/4406 and FAO (FIRM) Regular Programme. FAO, Rome. 199 p. (Ref. 2871)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3290&amp;speccode=1291'>Jayaram, K.C.0 Ariidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3290)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3876&amp;speccode=1291'>Taylor, W.R.0 Ariidae. p. 153-159. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISBN, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3876)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=1291'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4789&amp;speccode=1291'>Department of Fisheries0 Annual fishery statistics. Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia. (Ref. 4789)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4967&amp;speccode=1291'>Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5213&amp;speccode=1291'>Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga0 Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p. (Ref. 5213)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5736&amp;speccode=1291'>Hla Win, U.0 Checklist of fishes of Burma. Ministry of Livestock Breeding and Fisheries, Department of Fisheries, Burma. (Ref. 5736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12255&amp;speccode=1291'>Baillie, J. and B. Groombridge (eds.)0 1996 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 378 p. (Ref. 12255)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13296&amp;speccode=1291'>Kiener, A.0 Poissons, pêche et pisciculture à Madagascar. Publ. Centre Techn. For. Trop. 24:244 p. (Ref. 13296)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13333&amp;speccode=1291'>Stiassny, M.L.J. and N. Raminosoa0 The fishes of the inland waters of Madagascar. p.133-148. In G.G. Teugels, J.-F. Guégan and J.-J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh- and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 275:177 p. (Ref. 13333)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-7099-5503-0' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26213&amp;speccode=1291'>McDowall, R.M.0 Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, London. (Ref. 26213)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=1291'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=1291'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36670&amp;speccode=1291'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=1291'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=1291'>Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56151&amp;speccode=1291'>Sparks, J.S. and M.L.J. Stiassny0 Introduction to the freshwater fishes. p. 849-863. In S.M. Goodman and J.P. Benstead (eds.) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London. 1709 p. (Ref. 56151)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56174&amp;speccode=1291'>Ng, H.H. and J.S. Sparks0 Ariidae: &lt;i&gt;Arius&lt;/i&gt;, fiavoalavo, gogo, vaho, vaona, and vahona. p. 864-865. In S.M. Goodman and J.P. Benstead (eds.) The natural history of Madagascar. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London. 1709 p. (Ref. 56174)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56505&amp;speccode=1291'>Ng, H.H. and J.S. Sparks0 The ariid catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Ariidae) of Madagascar, with the description of two new species. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. 735:1-21. (Ref. 56505)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=1291'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=1291'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=1291'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=1291'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Common in rivers and lakes (Ref. 3876), also found in estuaries and river mouths (Ref. 3290, 5213). Caught with stake traps, shore seines and bagnets, also on hook and line.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3290&amp;speccode=1291'>Jayaram, K.C. 1984 Ariidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3290)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Description: Body moderately compressed; dorsal profile of head with a gentle slope up to first dorsal-fin base (Ref. 3290, 56505). Head width 17.5-20.5% of standard length; mouth with 3 pairs of barbels, the maxillary pair extending to pectoral-fin base; head shield granulated behind orbit with a blunt conical protuberance above eye; supraoccipital process short, with a median keel, as long as broad at base, its hind end rounded; median longitudinal groove shallow, wide in the middle, tapering at the ends, not reaching to supraoccipital process; predorsal plate angular, cup-shaped (Ref. 3290, 56505).  A single pair of ovoid vomerine tooth patches; premaxillary band of teeth in upper jaw in a broad band, 5 times as long as broad, mandibular band of teeth in lower jaw slightly curved and medially interrupted; 2 large tooth patches on roof of mouth, one on each side, well separated from each other with concave inner margins, and rounded or globular teeth (Ref. 3290, 56505). First dorsal and pectoral fins each with a strong spine; dorsal and pectoral fin outermost ray prolonged; pectoral fin filament almost reaching pelvic fins in some specimens; pelvic fin also elongated, reaching anal fin in larger individuals; total anal fin rays 16 (Ref. 3290).Colouration: Dorsal surface of head and body uniform grey to greyish brown, upper third of head and body darkest, gradually fading to a lighter colour along middle third of head and body; lower third and ventral surfaces of head and body dirty white (Ref. 56505). Adipose fin grey, dorsal and caudal fins greyish, fin-rays of all other fins with scattered grey melanophores (Ref. 3290, 56505).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56505&amp;speccode=1291'>Ng, H.H. and J.S. Sparks 2003 The ariid catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Ariidae) of Madagascar, with the description of two new species. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. 735:1-21. (Ref. 56505)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Anal spines: 0; Analsoft rays: 16</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56505&amp;speccode=1291'>Ng, H.H. and J.S. Sparks 2003 The ariid catfishes (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Ariidae) of Madagascar, with the description of two new species. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. 735:1-21. (Ref. 56505)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Africa:  western coast of Madagascar; seldom on the eastern coast (Ref. 3876). Also found in Mozambique (Ref. 5213) and Tanzania (Ref. 4967).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3876&amp;speccode=1291'>Taylor, W.R. 1986 Ariidae. p. 153-159. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISBN, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3876)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9391'>Bauchot, M.-L. and G. Bianchi 1984 Fiches FAO d'identification des espèces pour les besoins de la pêche. Guide des poissons commerciaux de Madagascar (espèces marines et d'eaux saumâtres). Avec le support du Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement (Project RAF/79/065). Rome, FAO. 135 p.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Anadromous. Fish that ascend rivers to spawn, as salmon and hilsa do. Sub-division of diadromous.    Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-7099-5503-0' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26213&amp;speccode=1291'>McDowall, R.M. 1988 Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, London. (Ref. 26213)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-16 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1291</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>70.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4967))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4967&amp;speccode=1291'>Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-1291</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-16 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1291</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; anadromous (Ref. 26213); freshwater; brackish; marine</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-7099-5503-0' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26213&amp;speccode=1291'>McDowall, R.M. 1988 Diadromy in fishes: migrations between freshwater and marine environments. Croom Helm, London. (Ref. 26213)</reference></dataObject>
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</response>