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	<dc:identifier>FB-13631</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13631</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Cyprinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Labeo</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Labeo dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1842)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Halfspotted tonguefish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Inkspot tonguefish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Langue encrière</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Hojita</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Lengua de aleta bandeada</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Lengua arco iris</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Lengua mediomanchada</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Lengua tintorera</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>墨汁无线鳎</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>墨汁無線鰨</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>1995-06-23</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-09-22</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=13632'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5227&amp;speccode=13632'>Humann, P. and N. DeLoach0 Reef fish identification. Galápagos. New World Publications, Inc., Florida. 267 p. (Ref. 5227)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9294&amp;speccode=13632'>Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider0 Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27736&amp;speccode=13632'>Escobar-Fernández, R. and M. Siri0 Nombres vernáculos y científicos de los peces del Pacífico mexicano. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Sociedad Ictiológica Mexicana, A.C. Mexico. (Ref. 27736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28023&amp;speccode=13632'>Grove, J.S. and R.J. Lavenberg0 The fishes of the Galápagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 863 p. (Ref. 28023)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=13632'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=13632'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33624&amp;speccode=13632'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Centro Interdisiplinario de Ciencias Marinas. Centro Interdisiplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR), La Paz, Mexico. (Ref. 33624)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34634&amp;speccode=13632'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL), Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 34634)</reference>
	<reference isbn='970-18-0338-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37955&amp;speccode=13632'>De la Cruz Agüero, J., M. Arellano Martínez, V.M. Cota Gómez and G. de la Cruz-Agüero0 Catalogo de los peces marinos de Baja California Sur. IPN-CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico. P. 346. (Ref. 37955)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=13632'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40498&amp;speccode=13632'>Béarez, P.0 Lista de los peces marinos del Ecuador continental. Rev. Biol. Trop. 44(2):731-741. (Ref. 40498)</reference>
	<reference isbn='958-9356-05-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=44342&amp;speccode=13632'>Beltrán-León, B.S. and R.R. Herrera0 Estadios tempranos de peces del Pacifico Colombiano. Tomo 2. Republica de Colombia, Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural, Instituto Nacional de Pesca Y Acuicultura (INPA). Buenaventura-Colombia, Tomo 2. (Ref. 44342)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-888569-61-1' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52299&amp;speccode=13632'>Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56829&amp;speccode=13632'>Ocean Biogeographic Information System0 &lt;i&gt;Symphurus atramentatus&lt;/i&gt; Data Extent Map (from OBIS Australia/ C Square Mapper). (data sourced from FishBase DiGIR Provider-Philippine Server, UW Fish specimens). Retrieved May 30, 2006 at www.iobis.org. (Ref. 56829)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=13632'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=94512&amp;speccode=13632'>McCosker, J.E. and R.H. Rosenblatt0 The fishes of the Galápagos archipelago: An update. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 61[4(Suppl.2)]:167-195. (Ref. 94512)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101194&amp;speccode=13632'>Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350.  In  Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=127348&amp;speccode=13632'>Grove, J.S., D.J. Long, D.R. Robertson and B.C. Victor0 List of fishes of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador. J. Ocean Sci. Found. 39:14-22. (Ref. 127348)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1995-07-14</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1998-12-14</dcterms:modified>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-06-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2001-07-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13632</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>Found over a variety of substrates (Ref. 9294).  Small specimens may be taken from tide pools and other shallow habitats (Ref. 9294).  Feeds mainly on small benthic invertebrates (Ref. 28023).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9294&amp;speccode=13632'>Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider 1995 Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-13632</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1999-11-15 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 89 - 98;  Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 75 - 82; Vertebrae: 49 - 53</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9294&amp;speccode=13632'>Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider 1995 Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1995-06-26 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13632</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Eastern Pacific:  Gulf of California and Bahía Magdalena, Mexico to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 9294).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='970-18-0338-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37955&amp;speccode=13632'>De la Cruz Agüero, J., M. Arellano Martínez, V.M. Cota Gómez and G. de la Cruz-Agüero 1997 Catalogo de los peces marinos de Baja California Sur. IPN-CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico. P. 346. (Ref. 37955)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-13632</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1995-06-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2001-07-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; price category: very high; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9294&amp;speccode=13632'>Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider 1995 Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-13632</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>14.4 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9294))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9294&amp;speccode=13632'>Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider 1995 Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-13632</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1995-06-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 200 m (Ref. 37955), usually 1 - 80 m (Ref. 9294)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='970-18-0338-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37955&amp;speccode=13632'>De la Cruz Agüero, J., M. Arellano Martínez, V.M. Cota Gómez and G. de la Cruz-Agüero 1997 Catalogo de los peces marinos de Baja California Sur. IPN-CICIMAR, La Paz, Mexico. P. 346. (Ref. 37955)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9294&amp;speccode=13632'>Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider 1995 Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)</reference></dataObject>
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