FB-1477 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1477 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Clupeiformes Alosidae Sardinops Sardinops sagax (Jenyns, 1842) Kilka-e-cheshm dorosht Kilka-ye Cheshm Dorosht Kilka wielkooczna Kilka grimmova Sydkaspisk brisling Bigeye kilka Bigeye tyulka Southern Caspian sprat Suursilm-tülka Bolsheglazaya tyul'ka 大眼棱鯡 大眼棱鲱 Harengula macrophthalma Knipovich, 1921 1990-10-17 2013-07-15 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Whitehead, P.J.P.0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. 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Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha. (Ref. 51054) Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Belyaeva, V.N., E.N. Kazancheev and Raspopov V.M.0 The Caspian Sea: Ichthyofauna and commercial resources. Moscow, Nauka, 236 p. (Ref. 56523) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. 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Parafkandeh and M.A. Afraei Bandpei0 Age and growth of bigeye kilka (<i>Clupeonella grimmi</i> Kessler, 1877) in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea. Iran. J. Fish. Sci. 15(4):1410-1424. (Ref. 114875) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Alavi-Yeganeh, M.S., A. Vahedian, B. Bakhshaei and G. Bahmani0 Length-weight and length-length relationships of three <i>Clupeonella</i> species (Clupeidae) from the Caspian Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 33:647-648. (Ref. 116903) Fazli, H., C.I. Zhang, D.E. Hay and C.W. Lee0 Fishery biological characteristics and changes in the annual biomass of bigeye Kilka (<i>Clupeonella grimmi</i>) in the Caspian Sea. Asian Fish. Sci. 22:923-940. (Ref. 117561) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) FB-pic-1472-11294 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-06-23 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Clgri_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Clgri_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-10-14 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Schools in the open sea, not approaching shores. Occurs mainly in the south in winter, migrating to the middle parts of the sea in spring and returning south in November-December. Found in upper layers in March-April, but descends to 16 to 32 m in summer and autumn. Feeds mainly on copepods, also pelagic mysids and small fishes. Breeds in January-September intermittently in the open sea. Stocks said to be depleted in southern part of Caspian Sea. Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Body moderately slender; head long and narrow; belly sharply keeled, with 26 to 32 scutes; pectoral fin tips rounded; last two anal fin rays enlarged; pterotic bulla absent; no notch at the center of the upper jaw. Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Morphology-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 21; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 12 - 23 Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Distribution-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2022-10-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Former USSR and Asia: central and southern parts of the Caspian Sea. Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Uses-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-10-14 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases fisheries: minor commercial Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) FB-Migration-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-10-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-TrophicStrategy-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2004-09-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public grimmi http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Feeds on fish and zooplankton (Ref. 188). In open sea, not approaching shores; in winter found mainly in southern part, migrating to middle parts of sea in spring (especially the eastern half), returning south in November - December; occurs in upper layers in March - April, but descend to 16 to 32 m in summer and autumn. Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Size-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-10-14 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases 14.5 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 188)); max. published weight: 23.0 g (Ref. 117561); max. reported age: 8 years (Ref. 117561) Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) Fazli, H., C.I. Zhang, D.E. Hay and C.W. Lee 2009 Fishery biological characteristics and changes in the annual biomass of bigeye Kilka (<i>Clupeonella grimmi</i>) in the Caspian Sea. Asian Fish. Sci. 22:923-940. (Ref. 117561) Fazli, H., C.I. Zhang, D.E. Hay and C.W. Lee 2009 Fishery biological characteristics and changes in the annual biomass of bigeye Kilka (<i>Clupeonella grimmi</i>) in the Caspian Sea. Asian Fish. Sci. 22:923-940. (Ref. 117561) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-10-14 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1472 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases pelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; depth range ? - 32 m (Ref. 188) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)