FB-1521 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1521 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Clupeiformes Dorosomatidae Escualosa Escualosa elongata Wongratana, 1983 Kaninsild Sledz pacyficzny Arenque-do-Pacifíco Arenque-do-pacífico Sleď pacifický Sleď tichomořský Stillehavssild Pazifischer Hering Blue back Blue herring Chosa herring Herring North pacific herring North Pacific herring Oriental herring Pacific herring White Sea herring Idaheeringas Vienansilli Hareng du Pacifique Hareng pacifique Gaaw Iinang K'aaw Spawn-on-kelp הרינג /מליח Kyrrahafs-sild Iituuq Iquallux-paq Kapiselik Kapisilik Kavisilaq Kavisilâq Kobloora Krolleliprark Pikoaktit Piqquaqtitaq Pirkroartitak Qaaktaq Qaantaq Uksruktuuk Uqsruqtuuq Aringa del Pacifico Nishin ニシン Ch'ǒng-ǒ 청어 Belomorskaya sel'd Choshskaya sel'd' Vostochnaya sel'd' канинско-печорская сельдь Сельдь восточная чёшско-печорская сельдь Srdela pacificka Stillahavssill Skah Tskah Pasifik ringasi Оселедець біломорський Оселедець тихоокеанський Arenque del Pacifico Arenque del Pacífico Fēi Iqalluarpak Pacifiški sled Pacifische haring Slhele lhong'et Slhong'et Tài píng yáng fēi yǔ Uqsruqtuuq Wáńái 太平洋鯡 太平洋鲱 Clupea harengus (non Linnaeus, 1758) Clupea harengus marisalbi Berg, 1923 Clupea harengus pallasi Valenciennes, 1847 Clupea harengus pallasi marisalbi Berg, 1923 Clupea harengus pallasi suworowi Rabinerson, 1927 Clupea harengus pallasii Valenciennes, 1847 Clupea inermis Basilewsky, 1855 Clupea lineolata Valenciennes, 1847 Clupea mirabilis Girard, 1854 Clupea pallasi Valenciennes, 1847 Clupea pallasi marisalbi Berg, 1923 Clupea pallasi suworovi Rabinerson, 1927 Clupea pallasi suworowi Rabinerson, 1927 Clupea pallasii marisalbi Berg, 1923 Clupea pallasii pallasii Valenciennes, 1847 Clupea pallasii suworowi Rabinerson, 1927 Spratelloides bryoporus Cope, 1873 1990-10-17 2013-07-15 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Whitehead, P.J.P.0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood and M.V. Vinter0 Laboratory guide to early life history stages of Northeast Pacific fishes. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 80:1-652. (Ref. 265) Pauly, D.0 A preliminary compilation of fish length growth parameters. Ber. Inst. Meereskd. Christian-Albrechts-Univ. Kiel (55):1-200. (Ref. 312) Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino0 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559) Berg, L.S.0 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593) Nikolskii, G.V.0 Spezielle Fischkunde. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften. Berlin. 632 p. (Ref. 719) Beverton, R.J.H. and S.J. Holt0 A review of the lifespans and mortality rates of fish in nature, and their relation to growth and other physiological characteristics. p. 142-180. In G.E.W. Wolstenholme and M. O'Connor (eds.) CIBA Foundation colloquia on ageing: the lifespan of animals. volume 5. J & A Churchill Ltd, London. (Ref. 796) Beverton, R.J.H.0 Maturation, growth and mortality of clupeid and engraulid stocks in relation to fishing. Cons. Perm. Int. Explor. Mer, Rapp. p.-v. Réun. 154:44-67. (Ref. 839) Rounsefell, G.A.0 Contribution to the biology of the Pacific herring, <i>Clupea pallasii</i>, and the conditions of the fishery in Alaska. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. Doc. 45(1080):227-320. (Ref. 854) Ricker, W.E.0 Handbook of computations for biological statistics of fish populations. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. (119):300 p. (Ref. 855) Pauly, D.0 On the interrelationships between natural mortality, growth parameters, and mean environmental temperature in 175 fish stocks. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 39(2):175-192. (Ref. 1139) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. (Ref. 1830) Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman0 Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184: xi+1-966. (Ref. 1998) Hinegardner, R. and D.E. Rosen0 Cellular DNA content and the evolution of teleostean fishes. Am. Nat. 106(951):621-644. (Ref. 2209) Ohno, S., U. Wolf and N.B. Atkin0 Evolution from fish to mammals by gene duplication. Hereditas 59:169-187. (Ref. 2214) Tweddle, D.0 Age and growth of the catfish <i>Bagrus meridionalis</i> Günther in southern Lake Malawi. J. Fish Biol. 7(5):677-685. (Ref. 2787) Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann0 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850) Valenciennes, A.0 Poissons. Catalogue des principales espèces de poissons, rapportées de l'Amérique méridionale. In A. d'Orbigny. Voyage dans l'Amérique méridionale. (Ref. 2860) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development0 Multilingual dictionary of fish and fish products. Fishing News Books, Oxford. (Ref. 3383) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814) Lassuy, D.R.0 Species profiles: life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest) - Pacific herring. U.S. Fish. Wildl. Serv. Biol. Rep. 82(11.126). U.S. Army Coprs of Engineers, TR-EL-82-4. 18 p. (Ref. 4466) Trumble, R.J. and R.D. Humphreys0 Management of Pacific herring (<i>Clupea harengus pallasi</i>) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42 (Suppl. 1):230-244. (Ref. 4467) Spratt, J.D.0 Status of the Pacific herring <i>Clupea harengus pallasi</i> resource in California, 1972 to 1980. Calif. Fish Game, Fish. Bull. 171:1-107. (Ref. 4486) Gunderson, D.R. and P.H. Dygert0 Reproductive effort as a predictor of natural mortality rate. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 44:200-209. (Ref. 4511) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Clemens, W.A. and G.V. Wilby0 Fishes of the Pacific coast of Canada. 2nd ed. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada Bull. (68):443 p. (Ref. 4925) FAO0 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Tester, A.L.0 Estimation of recruitment and natural mortality rate from age composition and catch data in British Columbia herring populations. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 12(5):649-681. (Ref. 4982) Anonymous0 Computerized catalog of the fish collection. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California. (Ref. 5515) Erzini, K.0 A compilation of data on variability in length-age in marine fishes. Fisheries Stock Assessment, Title XII, Collaborative Research Support Program, University of Rhode Island. Working paper 77, 36p. (Ref. 5760) Ayushin, B.N.0 Abundance dynamics of herring populations in the seas of the Far East, and reasons for the introduction of fishery regulations. Rapp. P.-V. Réun. CIEM 154:262. (Ref. 6236) Tambovtsev, B.M.0 The present state of the fishery of the White Sea herring and its biology. Kompl. Izsuch. Belogo Mor., Acad. Sci. USSR. 1:44-73. (Ref. 6248) Talent, L.G.0 Food habits of the leopard shark, <i>Triakis semifasciata</i>, in Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Bay, California. Calif. Fish Game 62(4):286-298. (Ref. 6252) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Ida, H., N. Oka and K. Hayashigaki0 Karyotypes and cellular DNA contents of three species of the subfamily Clupeinae. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 38(3):289-294. (Ref. 6414) Ivanchenko, O.F. and D.L. Lajus0 Resistance of the White Sea herrings larvae and fries to low salinities. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences 179:70-79. (Ref. 6507) Lajus, D.L.0 New data on karyology of herrings which spawn in the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea. (Novye dannye o kariologiceskich osobennostjach sel'dei nerestjaschtschichsja v kandalakhschskom salive belogo morja). Dokladi Akademii Nauk SSR 297(1):254-256. (Ref. 6508) Lajus, D.L.0 Chromosomal transformations in the White Sea herring, <i>Clupea pallasii marisalbi</i> (Berg) (Teleostei, Clupeidae). Proceedings of the Zoological Institute USSR Academy of Sciences 192:113-125. (Ref. 6509) Olesiuk, P.F.0 Annual prey consumption by harbor seals (<i>Phoca vitulina</i>) in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. Fish. Bull. 91:491-515. (Ref. 6546) Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith0 Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p. (Ref. 6793) Quast, J.C. and E.L. Hall0 List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of their literature. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-658, 47 p. (Ref. 6876) Livingston, P.A.0 Importance of predation by groundfish, marine mammals and birds on walleye pollock <i>Theragra chalcogramma</i> and Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasi</i> in the eastern Bering Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 102:205-215. (Ref. 6880) Hart, J.L.0 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885) Goodson, G.0 Fishes of the Pacific coast. Alaska to Peru including the Gulf of California and the Galapagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. 267 p. (Ref. 7419) FAO0 FAO Yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 74: 1992. FAO Fish. Ser. 43:677 p. (Ref. 8984) Lindsey, C.C.0 Form, function and locomotory habits in fish. p. 1-100. In W. S. Hoar and D. J. Randall (eds.) Fish Physiology VII. Academic Press, New York. (Ref. 9574) Stevens, D.E.0 Food habits of striped bass, <i>Roccus saxatilis</i> in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. p. 68-96. In J.L. Turner and D. W. Kelly (comp.) Ecological studies of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Part II Fishes of the Delta, Fish. Bull. 136. (Ref. 9666) Okiyama, M.0 An atlas of the early stage fishes in Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 1154 p. (Ref. 9902) Frimodt, C.0 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988) Stocker, M. and D.J. Noakes0 Evaluating forcasting procedures for predicting Pacific herring <i>Clupea harengus pallasi</i> recruitment in B.C. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 45(6):928-935. (Ref. 10153) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the University of British Columbia Fish Museum Fish Museum. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (Ref. 10937) Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans0 British Columbia tidal waters sport fishing guide 1995-1996. Canadian Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans. (Ref. 11007) Myers, R.A., J. Bridson and N.J. Barrowman0 Summary of worldwide spawner and recruitment data. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2024. 274 p. (Ref. 11063) Wespestad, V.G.0 Cohort analysis of catch data on Pacific herring in the Eastern Bering Sea, 1959-1981. NOAA 1982. (Ref. 11131) Haist, V. and J.F. Schweigert0 Stock assessments for British Columbia herring in 1990 and forecasts of the potential catch in 1991. Can. Man. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2119. 60 p. (Ref. 11134) Qisheng, T.0 Estimation of fishing mortality and abundance of pacific herring in the Huanghai Sea by cohort analysis (VPA). Acta Oceanol. Sin. 6(1):p. 132-141. (Ref. 11135) Yamada, U., S. Shirai, T. Irie, M. Tokimura, S. Deng, Y. Zheng, C. Li, Y.U. Kim and Y.S. Kim0 Names and illustrations of fishes from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Overseas Fishery Cooperation Foundation, Tokyo, Japan. 288 p. (Ref. 11230) Evermann, B.W. and E.L. Goldsborough0 The fishes of Alaska. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 26: 219-360. (Ref. 11366) Barraclough, W.E.0 Occurrence of larval herring (<i>Clupea pallasii</i>) in the Strait of Georgia during July, 1966. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 24(11):2455-2460. (Ref. 11514) Hart, J.L. and A.L. Tester0 Quantitative studies on herring spawning. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 64:307-312. (Ref. 11521) Katz, M.0 The fecundity of herring from various parts of the North Pacific. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 75(1):72-76. (Ref. 11527) Nagasaki, F.0 The fecundity of Pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasi</i>) in British Columbia coastal waters. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 15(3):313-330. (Ref. 11536) Scattergood, L.W., C.J. Sinderman and B.E. Scud0 Spawning of North American herring. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 88(1):164-168. (Ref. 11547) Schaefer, M.B.0 Notes on the spawning of the Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasii</i>. Copeia 1937(1):57. (Ref. 11548) McAllister, D.E.0 A list of the fishes of Canada. Syllogeus No. 64. Nat. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ottawa, Canada. 310 p. (Ref. 11980) Coad, B.W.0 Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc. Singapore. (Ref. 12204) Beamish, R.J.0 Adult biology of the river lamprey (<i>Lampetra ayresi</i>) and the Pacific lamprey (<i>Lampetra tridentata</i>) from the Pacific coast of Canada. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:1906-1923. (Ref. 12479) Bond, W.A. and R.N. Erickson0 Fisheries investigations in coastal waters of Liverpool Bay, Northwest Territories. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2204: vi + 51 p. (Ref. 12624) Svetovidov, A.N.0 Clupeidae. p. 99-109. In J.C. Hureau and Th. Monod (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 12801) Carlile, D.W., R.C. Larson and T.A. Minicucci0 Stock assessments of Southeast Alaska herring in 1994 and forecasts for 1995 abundance. ADF&G RIR No. 1J96-05. Corrected by Jie Zheng. (Ref. 12986) Yang, R., Y. Hiyama and Y. Nose0 On the parent-progeny relationship, considering the variation of geographical distributions of hokkaido herring (<i>Clupea pallasii</i> C. & V.). Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 30:239-242. (Ref. 12987) Haist, V. and J.F. Schweigert0 Stock assessment for British Columbia herring in 1991 and forcasts of the potential catch in 1992. PSARC Working Paper H91-1:70 p. (Ref. 13109) Tanaichuk, R.W., D.M. Ware, W. Shaw and G.A. McFarlane0 Variations in diet, daily ration, and feeding periodicity of Pacific hake (<i>Merluccius productus</i>) and spiny dogfish (<i>Squalus acanthias</i>) off the lower west coast of Vancouver Island. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48(11):2118-2128. (Ref. 13383) Arai, M.N.0 Predation by medusae on Pacific herring (<i>Clupea harengus pallasi</i>) larvae. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 39:1537-1540. (Ref. 13632) Purcell, J.E.0 Predation on fish larvae and eggs by the hydromedusa <i>Aequorea victoria</i> at a herring spawning ground in British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46:1415-1427. (Ref. 13635) McKeown, B.A.0 Fish migration. Croom Helm, London. 224 p. (Ref. 26132) Purcell, J.E.0 Soft-bodied zooplankton predators and competitors of larval herring (<i>Clupea harengus pallasi</i>) at herring spawning grounds in British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:505-515. (Ref. 26306) Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov0 An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736. (Ref. 26334) Sanches, J.G.0 Nomenclatura Portuguesa de organismos aquáticos (proposta para normalização estatística). Publ. Avuls. Inst. Nac. Invest. Pescas 14:322 p. (Ref. 26388) Rosenthal, R.J., V.M. O'Connell and M.C. Murphy0 Feeding ecology of ten species of rockfishes (Scorpaenidae) from the Gulf of Alaska. Calif. Fish Game 74(1):16-37. (Ref. 27302) O'Connell, M., M.C. Dillon, J.M. Wright, P. Bentzen, S. Merkouris and J. Seeb0 Genetic structuring among Alaskan Pacific herring populations identified using microsatellite variation. J. Fish Biol. 53(1):150-163. (Ref. 27358) Lajus, D.L.0 White sea herring (<i>Clupea pallasi marisalbi</i>) population structure: interpopulation variation iin frequency of chromosomal rearrangement. Cybium 20(3):279-294. (Ref. 27421) Lamb, A. and P. Edgell0 Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Madeira Park, (BC, Canada): Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., 224 p. (Ref. 27436) McAllister, D.E., V. Legendre and J.G. Hunter0 Liste de noms inuktitut (esquimaux), français, anglais et scientifiques des poissons marins du Canada arctique. Rapp. Manus. Can. Sci. Halieut. Aquat, 1932,106 p. (Ref. 27545) Morrow, J.E.0 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) Sokolovskaya, T.G., A.S. Sokolovskii and E.I. Sobolevskii0 A list of fishes of Peter the Great Bay (the Sea of Japan). J. Ichthyol. 38(1):1-11. (Ref. 27683) Escobar-Fernández, R. and M. Siri0 Nombres vernáculos y científicos de los peces del Pacífico mexicano. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Sociedad Ictiológica Mexicana, A.C. Mexico. (Ref. 27736) Jones, R. and B. Lefeaux-Valentine (eds.)0 Gwaii Hannas South Moresby National Park Reserve: Review of Vertebrate Fishery Resources. Gwaii Hannas South Moresby National Park Reserve, 234 p. + appendices. (Ref. 27835) Wells, R. and J. Kelly0 English-Eskimo and Eskimo-English vocabularies. Bureau of Education, Circular of Information, Washington (2):1-72. (Ref. 27836) Fabricius, O.0 Fauna groenlandica. Hafniae and Lipsiae. 452 p. (Ref. 27837) Schneider, L.0 Dictionnaire esquimau-français du parler de l'Ungava et contrées limitrophes. Travaux et documents du Centre d'Études nordiques 3. Presses de l'Université Laval, Québec. 439 pp. (Ref. 27844) Schultz-Lorentzen, X.0 Dictionary of the West Greenland Eskimo language. Medd. Om Grønland 69:1-303. (Ref. 27846) Webster, D.H. and W. Zibell0 Inupiat Eskimo dictionary. Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc., Fairbanks, Alaska. 211 p. (Ref. 27849) Swadesh, M.0 Unaaliq and Proto Eskimo V: comparative vocabulary. Int. J. Am. Linguistics 18:241-256. (Ref. 27850) Petitot, E.0 Vocabulaire français-esquimau. Bibliothèque de linguistique et d'ethnographie amécaines, 76 p. (Ref. 27851) Preikshot, D. and J. Leer0 An annotated list of Alutiiq words relevant to modeling the Prince William Sound ecosystem. p. 92-122. In T.A. Okey and D. Pauly (eds.) Trophic Mass-Balance Model of Alaska's Prince William Sound Ecosystem, for the Post-Spill Period 1994-1996. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 6(4). University of British Columbia, Canada. 144 pp. (Ref. 28005) Harvey, J.T.0 Food habits, seasonal abundance, size, and sex of the blue shark, <i>Prionace gluaca</i>, in Montery Bay, California. Calif. Fish Game 75(1):33-44. (Ref. 28071) Nilssen, K.T., T. Haug, V. Potelov, V.A. Stasenkov and Y.K. Timshenko0 Food habits of harp seals (<i>Phaco groenlandica</i>) during lactation and moult in March-May in the southern Barents sea and White sea. ICES. J. Mar. Sci. 52 :33-41. (Ref. 28123) Armstrong, R.H.0 Alaska's fish. A guide to selected species. Alaska Northwest Books. 94 p. (Ref. 28499) Craig, P.C.0 Fish use of coastal waters of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea: a review. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 113(3):265-282. (Ref. 28503) Nelson, E.W.0 Report upon the natural history collections made in Alaska between the years 1877 and 1881. Arctic Ser. Publ. Signal Serv. U.S. Army, No. III. 337 p. (Ref. 28557) O'Connell, M., M.C. Dillon, J.M. Wright, P. Bentzen, S. Merkouris and J. Seeb0 Genetic structuring among Alaskan Pacific herring populations identified using microsatellite variation. J. Fish Biol. 53(1):150-163. (Ref. 28566) Jordan, D.S. and E.C. Starks0 The fishes of Puget Sound. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 5:785-855. (Ref. 28609) von Westernhagen, H. and H. Rosenthal0 Predator-prey relationship between Pacific herring, <i>Clupea harengus pallasi</i>, larvae and a predatory hyperiid amphipod, <i>Hyperoche medusarum</i>. Fish. Bull. 74(3):669-674. (Ref. 28984) Arkhipchuk, V.V.0 Chromosome database. Database of Dr. Victor Arkhipchuk. (Ref. 30184) Randolph, S. and M. Snyder0 The seafood list: FDA's guide to acceptable market names for seafood sold in interstate commerce. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, USA. pag. var. (Ref. 30426) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Watkinson, S.0 An annotated list of Tsimshian (Sm'algyax) words pertaining to the marine ecosystem. p. 28-38. In N. Haggan and A. Beattie (eds.) Back to the Future: Reconstructing the Hecate Strait Ecosystem. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 7(3):65 p. (Ref. 33291) Jones, R.0 Haida names and utilization of common fish and marine mammals. p. 39-48. In N. Haggan and A. Beattie (eds.) Back to the Future: Reconstructing the Hecate Strait Ecosystem. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 7(3). 65 p. (Ref. 33292) Bond, W.A.0 A study of the fishery resources of Tuktoyaktuk Harbour, southern Beaufort Sea coast, with special reference to life histories of anadromous coregonids. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1336. (Ref. 33394) Rudomilov, O.I.0 Fecundity of herring of the eastern part of the Bering Sea. Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr. (TINRO) 82:321-332. (Ref. 33517) Danko, J.P.0 Building a reliable database from a native oral tradition using fish-related terms from the Saanich language. p. 29-33. In D. Pauly, T. Pitcher and D. Preikshot (eds.) Back to the future: reconstructing the Strait of Georgia Ecosystem. 99 p. The Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. Canada. (Ref. 33536) Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370) Watson, W. and E.M. Sandknop0 Clupeidae: herrings. p. 159-171. In H.G. Moser (ed.) The early stages of fishes in the California Current Region. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Atlas No. 33. Allen Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas. 1505 p. (Ref. 35601) Dolgov, A.V.0 New data on composition and distribution of the Barents Sea ichthyofauna. ICES CM2000/Mini:12, 12p. (Ref. 36372) Brodeur, R.D. and P.A. Livingston0 Food habits and diet overlap of various eastern Bering Sea fishes. NOAA Tech. Memo NMFS F/NWC 127:76 p. (Ref. 37756) Pietsch, T.W., K. Amaoka, D.E. Stevenson, E.L. MacDonald, B.K. Urbain and J.A. López0 Freshwater fishes of the Kuril Islands and adjacent regions. Species Diversity 6:133-164. (Ref. 37812) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Anonymous0 Freshwater fish collection database of the National Science Museum. National Science Museum, 3-23-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan. (Ref. 41827) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal British Columbia Museum. Royal British Columbia Museum, 675 Belleville Street, Victoria BC, Canada V8V 1X4. (Ref. 42125) Hueckel, G.J. and R.M. Buckley0 The influence of prey communities on fish species assemblages on artificial reefs in Puget Sound, Washington. Environ. Biol. Fishes 19(3):195-214. (Ref. 42170) Foy, R.J. and A.J. Paul0 Winter feeding and changes in somatic energy content of age-0 pacific herring in Prince William Sound, Alaska. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 128(6):1193-1200. (Ref. 42749) Andriyashev, A.P. and N.V. Chernova0 Annotated list of fishlike vertebrates and fish of the Arctic seas and adjacent waters. J. Ichthyol. 35(1):81-123. (Ref. 43202) Sturdevant, M.V., A.L.J. Brase and L.B. Hulbert0 Feeding habits, prey fields, and potential competition of young-of-the-year walleye pollock (<i>Theragra chalcogramma</i>) and Pacific herring <i>Clupea pallasi</i>) in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1994-1995. Fish. Bull 99:482-501. (Ref. 43291) Browne, P., J.L. Laake and R.L. DeLong0 Improving pinniped diet analyses through identification of multiple skeletal structures in fecal samples. Fish. Bull. 100:423-433. (Ref. 43295) Dudarev, V.A.0 Composition and biomass of the benthic and benthopelagic fishes on the northern Primor'ye shelf. J. Ichthyol. 36(4):307-312. (Ref. 45905) Tanasichuk, R.W.0 Age-specific natural mortality rates of adult pacific herring (<i>Clupea pallasi</i>) from southern Bristih Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 57(11):2258-2266. (Ref. 46191) Kobayashi, T., M. Iwata and K. Numachi0 Genetic divergence among local spawning populations of Pacific herring in the vicinity of northern Japan. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 56(7):1045-1052. (Ref. 46434) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Zhang, S.0 Fauna Sinica, Osteichthyes. Acipenseriformes, Elopiformes, Clupeiformes, Gonorhynchiformes. Fauna Sinica series. Beijing: Science Press. 209 p. (Ref. 47439) Huang, Z.0 Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404-463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, USA. 598 p. (Ref. 47843) Tang, Q. and X. Jin0 Ecology and variability of economically important pelagic fishes in the Yellow sea and Bohai sea. p. 179-198. In Q. Tang and K. Sherman (eds.), Large marine ecosystems of the world. Blackwell Science, Inc., Malden, MA. (Ref. 50286) Fedorov, V.V., I.A. Chereshnev, M.V. Nazarkin, A.V. Shestakov and V.V. Volobuev0 Catalog of marine and freswater fishes of the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2003. 204 p. (Ref. 50550) Russian Academy of Sciences0 Catalog of vertebrates of Kamchatka and adjacent waters. Kamchatsky Pechatny Dvor, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia. 166 p. (Ref. 50610) Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) II., nozdratí (Sarcopterygii), paprskoploutví (Actinopterygii) [chrupavčití (Chondrostei), kostnatí (Neopterygii): kostlíni (Semionotiformes) - bezostní (Clupeiformes)]. Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha. (Ref. 51054) Heiltsuk Tribal Council0 Heiltsuk marine resources. Poster. (Ref. 51056) Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Orlov, A.M.0 Demersal ichthyofauna of Pacific waters around the Kuril islands and Southeastern Kamchatka. Russ. J. Mar. Biol. 24(3):144-160. (Ref. 51601) Orlov, A.M. and I.N. Moukhametov0 Feeding habits of Pacific black halibut <i>Reinhardtius hippoglossoides matsuurae</i> Jordan et Snyder, 1901 and Kamchatka flounder <i>Atheresthes evermanni</i> Jordan et Starks, 1904 in the western North Pacific. Bull. Sea Fish Inst. 1(161):43-59. (Ref. 52148) Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299) Trites, A.W., D.G. Calkins and A.J. Winship0 Unpublised data. Marine Mammal Research Unit, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Room 18, Hut B-3, 6248 Biological Sciences Rd., Vancouver, B.C. Canada V6T 1Z4. (Ref. 53534) FAO-FIGIS0 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Clupea pallasii. Retrieved on 24 May 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=2078. 2p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54336) Yamamura, O., T. Inada and K. Shimazaki0 Predation on <i>Euphausia pacifica</i> by demersal fishes: predation impact and influence of physical variability. Mar. Biol. 132:195-208. (Ref. 56039) Naumenko, N.I.0 Korfo-Karaginsky herring. P. 21-23 in Condition of biological resources of the North-West Pacific. Siniakov, S.A., N.I. Naumenko, Yu.P. Diakov, O.G. Zolotov, and B.B. Vronsky (Eds.). Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, KamchatNIRO. (Ref. 56336) Trofimov, I.K.0 Lacustrine-lagoon herrings. P. 24-28 in Condition of biological resources of the North-West Pacific. Siniakov, S.A., N.I. Naumenko, Yu.P. Diakov, O.G. Zolotov, and B.B. Vronsky (Eds.). Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, KamchatNIRO. (Ref. 56337) Vasiliev, L.I.0 Materials to knowledge of Chosa herring (Clupea harengus pallasi N. Suworowi rab.). P. 196-211 in Hydrological and biological peculiarities of coastal waters of Murman. Collected paper. Murmanks, Murmanskoye Knizhnoye Izdatel'stvo. (Ref. 56413) Tyurin, P.V.0 About the relation between the length of the fish and its weight. Rep. Icht. Lab. Siberia 2(3):3-21. (Ref. 56458) Fadeev, N.S.0 Guide to biology and fisheries of fishes of the North Pacific Ocean. Vladivostok, TINRO-Center. 366 p. (Ref. 56527) Chuchukalo, V.I., A.Y. Efimkin and V.V. Lapko0 Feeding patterns of some planktivorous fishes in the Okhotsk Sea in summer. Biol. Morya 21(2):132-136. (Ref. 56571) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist0 Annotated list of the arctic marine fishes of Canada. Can. MS Rep. Fish Aquat. Sci. 2674:iv:+112 p. (Ref. 58426) Fritzsche, R.A. and J.W. Cavanagh0 A guide to the fishes of Humboldt Bay. Arcata, Calif.: Humboldt State University Press,72p., col. ill. (Ref. 68560) Haist, V. and M. Stocker0 Growth and maturation of Pacific herring (Clupea harengus) in the Strait of Georgia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42:138-146. (Ref. 74437) Tanasichuk, R.W., A.H. Kristofferson and D.V. Gillman0 Comparison of some life history characteristics of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasi) from the Canadian Pacific Ocean. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50:964-971. (Ref. 74448) Ware, D.M.0 Bioenergetics of stock and recruitment. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:1012-1024. (Ref. 74453) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim and J.H. Kim0 Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co. Seoul. 615p. (in Korean). (Ref. 77001) Gislason, H., N. Daan, J.C. Rice and J.G. Pope0 Does natural mortality depend on individual size?. ICES CM 2008/F:16. (Ref. 79880) Dolgov, A.V.0 Trophic structure of the Barents Sea fish community with the special reference to the cod stock recovery ability. ICES CM2007/D:08. (Ref. 80862) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Hay, D.E., R. Toresen, R. Stephenson, M. Thompson, R. Claytor, F. Funk, E. Ivshina, J. Jakobsson, T. Kobayashi, I. McQuinn, G. Melvin, J. Molloy, N. Naumenko, K.T. Oda, R. Parmanne, M. Power, V. Radchenko, J. Schweigert, J. Simmonds and …0 Taking stock: an inventory and review of world herring stocks in 2000. pp. 381-454. In F. Funk, J. Blackburn, D. Hay, A.J. Paul, R. Stephenson, R. Toresen, and D. Witherell (editors) Herring: Expectations for a New Millennium. Alaska Sea Grant College Program AK-SG-01-04. (Ref. 93265) Stick, K.C. and A. Lindquist0 2008 Washington State herring stock status report. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Stock Status Report No. FPA 09-05. 100 p. (Ref. 93389) Edwards, A.M., P.J. Starr and R. Haigh0 Stock assessment for Pacific ocean perch (<i>Sebastes alutus</i>) in Queen Charlotte Sound, British Columbia. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2011/111. 172 p. (Ref. 93933) Lamb, A. and P. Edgell0 Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Revised and expanded second edition. Madeira Park (BC, Canada): Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., 335 p. (Ref. 94401) Hutchings, J.A., I.M. Côté, J.J. Dodson, I.A. Fleming, S. Jennings, N.J. Mantua, R.M. Peterman, B.E. Riddell and A.J. Weaver0 Climate change, fisheries, and aquaculture: trends and consequences for Canadian marine biodiversity. Environ. Rev. 20:220-311. (Ref. 95143) Johannes, M.R.S., L.H, Nikl, R.J.R. Hoogendoorn and R.E. Scott0 Fraser River sockeye habitat use in the Lower Fraser and Strait of Georgia. Golder Associates Ltd., Cohen Commission Tech. Rept. 12:114p & 35 maps. (Ref. 95147) Ketchen, K.S., N. Bourne and T.H. Butler0 History and present status of fisheries for marine fishes and invertebrates in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 40:1095-1119. (Ref. 95148) Liedtke, T., C. Gibson, D. Lowry and D. Fagergren0 Conservation and ecology of marine forage fishes--proceedings of a research symposium, September 2012. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2013-1035, 24 p. (Ref. 95155) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Aomori Prefecture0 Red Data Book of Aomori 2010. Revised Version. Aomori Prefecture, Aomori. (http://www.pref.aomori.lg.jp/nature/nature/reddatabook.html; http://www.pref.aomori.lg.jp/soshiki/kankyo/shizen/files/2010-0326-1210.pdf) (Ref. 95717) Page, L.M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea, N.E. Mandrak, R.L. Mayden and J.S. Nelson0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada and Mexico, 7th edition. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, 384 p. (Ref. 96293) Love, M.S., C.W. Mecklenburg, T.A. Mecklenburg and L.K. Thorsteinson0 Resource inventory of marine and estuarine fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Seattle, Washington, 98104. (Ref. 96339) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) Park, J.M. and S.H. Huh0 Length-weight relations for 29 demersal fishes caught by small otter trawl on the South-eastern coast of Korea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 45(4):427-431. (Ref. 106388) Cheung, W.L., R. Watson and D. Pauly0 Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature 497:365-368. (Ref. 107945) Pietsch, T.W. and J.W. Orr0 Fishes of the Salish Sea: a compilation and distributional analysis. NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 18: 106 p. (Ref. 112754) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist0 Marine fishes of Arctic Canada. Toronto (ON, Canada): University of Toronto Press. xiii+618 p. (Ref. 117245) Logerwell, E., M. Busby, C. Carothers, S. Cotton, J. Duffy-Anderson, E. Farley, P. Goddard, R. Heintz, B. Holladay, J. Horne, S. Johnson, B. Lauth, L. Moulton, Neff. D., B. Norcross, S. Parker-Stetter, J. Seigle and T. Sformo0 Fish communities across a spectrum of habitats in the western Beaufort Sea and Chukchi Sea. Progress in Oceanography 136:115-132. (Ref. 118001) Fechhelm, R.G., P.C. Craig, J.S. Baker and B.J. Gallaway0 Fish distribution and use of nearshore waters in the northeastern Chukchi Sea. US Department of Commerce, NOAA, and US Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Final Report 32:121-298. (Ref. 118005) Evseenko, S.A. and A.V. Mishin0 On the distribution of larvae and localization of spawning stocks of White Sea herring <i>Clupea pallasii marisalbi</i>. Journal of ichthyology 51(9):776-787. (Ref. 118024) Evseenko, S.A., D.P. Andrianov, A.V. Mishin and A.P. Naumov0 Species composition and distribution of ichthyoplankton in the White Sea in July 2003. Journal of Ichthyology 46(8):640-652. (Ref. 118025) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) SCRFA, Science and Conservation of Fish Aggregations0 SCRFA database. Web online database. https://www.scrfa.org/database/: SCRFA. [2013-onwards]. (Ref. 118580) Palomares, M.L.D., R. Froese, B. Derrick, S.-L. Nöel, G. Tsui, J. Woroniak and D. Pauly0 A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628) Wienerroither R., Johannesen E., Dolgov A., Byrkjedal I., Aglen A., Bjelland O., Drevetnyak K., Eriksen KB., Høines Å., Langhelle G., Langøy H., Murashko P., Prokhorova T., Prozorkevich D., Smirnov O., Wenneck T.0 Atlas of the Barents Sea Fishes based on the winter survey. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 2-2013:220 pp. (Ref. 120407) Mecklenburg, C.W., I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, O.V. Karamushko, A. Lynghammar and P.R. Møller0 List of marine fishes of the Arctic region annotated with common names and zoogeographic characterizations. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. (Ref. 120666) Sinclair, E.H., W.A. Walker and P.J. Gearin0 The diet of free-ranging male Steller sea lions (<i>Eumetopias jubatus</i>) in the eastern Bering Sea: a retrospective analysis based on stomach contents of an endangered pinniped. Canadian Journal of Zoology 97(3):195-202. (Ref. 120809) Dyldin, Y.V. and A.M. Orlov0 Ichthyofauna of fresh and brackish waters of Sakhalin Island: an annotated list with taxonomic comments: 1. Petromyzontidae - Clupeidae families. J. Ichthyol. 56(4):534-555. (Ref. 121074) The Joint Secretariat0 Inuvialuit harvest study: data and methods report 1988-1997. Available from IRC, Box, 2120. (Ref. 121105) Thorsteinson, L.K. and M.S. Love0 Alaska Arctic marine fish ecology catalog. Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5038. (Ref. 121277) Moore, S.E., E. Logerwell, L. Eisner, E.V. Farley Jr., L.A. Harwood, K. Kuletz, J. Lovvorn, J.R. Murphy and L.T. Quakenbush0 Marine fishes, birds and mammals as sentinels of ecosystem variability and reorganization in the Pacific Arctic Region. pp. 337-392. In Grebmeier, J.M. and W. Maslowski (eds.). The Pacific Arctic Region: ecosystem status and trends in a rapidly changing environment. (Ref. 121517) TenBrink, T.T. and T.W. Buckley0 Resource partitioning among <i>Myoxocephalus</i> sculpins, and their predator-prey relationships with <i>Chionoecetes</i> crabs in the eastern Bering Sea. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 464:221-235. (Ref. 121629) Sample, T.M. and D.G. Nichol0 Results of the 1990 U.S.-U.S.S.R. cooperative bottom trawl survey of the eastern and northwestern Bering Sea continental shelf. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-34, 183 p. (Ref. 122396) Bolshakova, Y.Y. and D.V. Bolshakov0 Ichthyofauna of the eastern coast bays of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago. Oceanology 58(2):228-232. (Ref. 123027) Dolgov, A.V.0 Annotated list of fish-like vertebrates and fish of the Kara Sea. J. Ichthyol. 53(11):914-922. (Ref. 124011) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174) Majewski, A.R., S. Atchison, S. MacPhee, J. Eert, A. Niemi, C. Michel and J.D. Reist0 Marine fish community structure and habitat associations on the Canadian Beaufort shelf and slope. Deep-Sea Research Part I 121:169-182. (Ref. 125580) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-1520-11351 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-06-25 1996-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Clpal_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Clpal_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-05-19 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 Neritic species (Ref. 11230). A coastal and schooling species (Ref. 188). Landlocked populations exist. Mature adults migrate inshore, entering estuaries to breed. During the summer of their first year, young form schools in shallow bays, inlets and channels that appear at the surface; these schools disappear in the fall and remain in deep water for the next 2-3 years (Ref. 6885, 27547). Young feed mainly on crustaceans, but also take decapod and mollusk larvae; adults prey mainly on large crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 6885, 27547). Because it does not undertake extensive coastal migrations, the mixing of local populations is relatively rare (Ref. 27547). In the eastern Pacific, the fish is mainly caught for roe markets in Asia (Ref. 9988). There is a fishery for eggs laid on kelp, which when salted, is called kazunoko-kombu, and is considered a delicacy in Japan (Ref. 27547). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked, canned, and frozen; eaten pan-fried, broiled, and baked (Ref. 9988). Possibly to 475 m depth (Ref. 6793). Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Without prominent keel; no median notch in upper jaw. Gill cover without radiating bony striae. No distinctive dark spots on body or fins. Overlaps C. harengus in White Sea, but distinguished by fewer vertebrae (usually 52 to 55; cf. usually 55 to 57) and fewer post-pelvic scutes (10 to 14; cf. 12 to 16). Dark blue to olivaceous above, shading to silver below (Ref. 27547). Precaudal vertebrae: 29-31-32; caudal vertebrae: 19-22-22 (Ref. 265). Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Morphology-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 21; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 12 - 23; Vertebrae: 46 - 58 Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Distribution-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2021-08-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Arctic: White Sea eastward to Ob inlet. Western Pacific: Anadyr Bay, eastern coasts of Kamchatka, possibly the Aleutian Islands southward to Japan and west coast of Korea. Eastern Pacific: Kent Peninsula at 107°W and Beaufort Sea southward to northern Baja California, Mexico. Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Uses-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-05-19 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: usually; price category: low; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans 1995 British Columbia tidal waters sport fishing guide 1995-1996. Canadian Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans. (Ref. 11007) Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann 1983 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850) FB-LifeCycle-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-05-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1520&StockCode=1713 Oviparous (Ref. 265). A female turns to her side, deposits her eggs on the bottom and resumes an upright posture. This procedure is repeated until all eggs have been laid, which may take several days (Ref. 11548). As eggs are being deposited, males are releasing milt, fertilizing the eggs (Ref. 27547). There is no observable pairing of the sexes; the whole spawning area is white with milt (Ref. 11558). Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-TrophicStrategy-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2023-06-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public pallasii http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Migrating inshore to breed, but without any strong north-south migrations, the populations being localized. Apparently landlocked populations (races) exist in the lakes of South Sakhalin, eastern Hokkaido and eastern Honshu. Salinity resistance (min. 1.5%) is maximal in newly hatched larvae and fry, and minimal in larvae of 20-30 days old (Ref. 6507). Pelagic and neritic. Schooling species. Moves vertically at the water column, surfacing in the evening and descending at dawn. Found in nearshore areas; in harbors, inlets, bays and brackish estuaries when spawning; and may enter fresh water. Biological anti-freeze enables tolerance to below zero temperatures up to -1.4°C. Feeds on crustaceans, benthic infauna, foraminiferans, plant materials, and fishes (Ref. 117245). Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188) FB-Size-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-05-19 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 46.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 27436)); max. reported age: 19 years (Ref. 27547) Lamb, A. and P. Edgell 1986 Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Madeira Park, (BC, Canada): Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., 224 p. (Ref. 27436) Morrow, J.E. 1980 The freshwater fishes of Alaska. University of. B.C. Animal Resources Ecology Library. 248p. (Ref. 27547) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1520 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-05-19 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1520 pelagic-neritic; non-migratory; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 475 m (Ref. 117245) Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist 2018 Marine fishes of Arctic Canada. Toronto (ON, Canada): University of Toronto Press. xiii+618 p. (Ref. 117245)