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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-176</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=176</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Eupercaria/misc</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Lutjanidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Lutjanus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fa'>Sorkhoo hasht-khat</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Pargo russell</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='af'>Russell se snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Aglaa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Hamra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Hobara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Naisara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Naisarah</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Naiser</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Umm dreiss</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>عَصموديّ روسال</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Arungan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Madarag</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Awman</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Maya-maya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Russells snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Fingermark bream</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>John's snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Moses perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Moses seaperch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Moses' snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Red bream</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Russell's one-spot snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Russell's sea-perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Russell's snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Russell's Snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Russel's snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Snapper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Spotted-scale sea perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fj'>kake dabadigo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Communard</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Hublot</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Vivaneau hublot</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Tulisan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='jv'>Ngangas</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Kurohoshi-fuedai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ko'>점퉁돔</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Chuttommetti</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Chutton</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>ചുട്ടൊന് </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>ചുട്ടൊമ്മിട്ടി</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>ചുട്ടോന്</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>ചുട്ടോമെട്ടി</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Bahaba</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Gorara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Jenahak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kee hu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Ketambak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Lengisi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Merah</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Merah tanda</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Pisang-pisang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Tabung merah</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Tanda</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Tanda-tanda</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Tutudan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Ungar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='so'>Can-gub</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sw'>Janja</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Maya maya</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Tagnian</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Kaphongdaengkhangpan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla ka pong daeng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla ka pong daeng kang pan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla ka pong kang pan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla kang pan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla kapong</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>กะพงแดงข้างปาน</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ปลากะพงแดง</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ปลากะพงแดงข้างปาน</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ปลากะพงข้างปาน</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ปลาข้างปาน</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá Hồng chấm đen</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Pargo ojo de buey</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Aba</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Aloman</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Baalem</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Babak bangkau</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bahaba</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bislaw</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bitilla</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bulobulo pura</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Comay</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Havane</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hou</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kablahan sori metan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Katambak</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kumbah buha</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Labongan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Labungan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Langisiti</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Luggambanda</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Pin dohazi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Pindohazi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Puamara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Puga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Taiva</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Tanggalara sorin mutuk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Tumolla</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Yavay</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>加规</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>勒氏笛鯛</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>勒氏笛鲷</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>火点</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>火點</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>路氏笛鲷</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>黑星笛鯛</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>黑星笛鲷</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lutianus nishikawae Smith &amp; Pope, 1906</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lutianus orientalis Seale, 1910</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lutianus russelli (Bleeker, 1849)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Lutjanus monostigma (non Cuvier, 1828)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lutjanus russelli (Bleeker, 1849)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Mesoprion russellii Bleeker, 1849</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-12</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:description>Adults inhabit offshore coral reefs and also inshore rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 30573), at moderate depths, usually over 20 m, and is more common in about 50 m depth (Ref. 48635).  Juveniles frequent mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams (Ref. 30573, 48635).   They  feed on benthic invertebrates and  fish (Ref. 5213).  Sold in Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253).  A common market fish throughout its range; also a component of artisanal fisheries. Caught with handlines, traps, and bottom trawls and marketed mostly fresh (Ref. 9821).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='92-5-102321-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55&amp;speccode=176'>Allen, G.R. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-02-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=176</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep to somewhat slender, greatest body depth 2.6-2.8 in SL; preopercular notch and knob poorly developed; vomerine tooth patch triangular or diamond-shaped, with a medial posterior extension; tongue with a patch of granular teeth; gill rakers of first gill arch 6-7 + 7-11 = 13-18 (including rudiments); caudal fin truncate or slightly emarginate; scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Colour generally pink to whitish with a silvery sheen; a black spot, mainly above lateral line, below anterior rays of soft dorsal fin (adults from the Indian Ocean usually with 7-8 narrow golden brown stripes on sides); juveniles whitish with black stripes on sides and most Indo-Pacific fish with a pale-edged round black spot on upper back (Ref 9821, 90102).Description: Dorsal profile of head steeply to moderately sloped; preorbital width about equal to, or slightly less than eye diameter (Ref. 9821).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9821&amp;speccode=176'>Anderson, W.D. Jr. and G.R. Allen 2001 Lutjanidae. Jobfishes. p. 2840-2918. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9821)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-176</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-02-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=176</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9821&amp;speccode=176'>Anderson, W.D. Jr. and G.R. Allen 2001 Lutjanidae. Jobfishes. p. 2840-2918. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9821)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-176</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-05-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=176</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Western Pacific:  Indian Ocean distribution provisionally included as records of L. indicus; species needs to be reassessed, preferably utilising genetic analysis.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93093&amp;speccode=176'>Allen, G.R., W.T. White and M.V. Erdmann 2013 Two new species of snappers (Pisces: Lutjanidae: &lt;i&gt;Lutjanus&lt;/i&gt;) from the Indo-West Pacific. J. Ocean Sci. Found. 6:33-51. (Ref. 93093)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-176</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=176</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='92-5-103623-3.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=171&amp;speccode=176'>Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12228'>FAO 1996 Aquaculture production statistics 1985-1994. FAO Fish. Circ. 815. 189 p.</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83530'>IGFA 2009 Database of IGFA angling records until 2009. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-176</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-24 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>russellii</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Occur in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154).  Inhabit offshore coral reefs and also inshore rocky and coral reefs (Refs. 30573, 9773).  Juveniles frequent mangrove estuaries and lower reaches of freshwater streams (Refs. 30573, 48635, 9773).  Adults on clear outer reefs at moderate depths, usually over 20 m, and is more common in about 50 m depth (Refs. 48635, 9773).  Feed on benthic invertebrates and  fish (Ref. 5213).  Also feed on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 11889).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='92-5-102321-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55&amp;speccode=176'>Allen, G.R. 1985 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-176</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=176</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>50.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 469))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=469&amp;speccode=176'>Allen, G.R. and J.H. Talbot 1985 Review of the snappers of the genus &lt;i&gt;Lutjanus&lt;/i&gt; (Pisces Lutjanidae) from the Indo-Pacific with the description of a new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (11):87. (Ref. 469)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-176</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=176</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>reef-associated; brackish; marine; depth range 3 - 80 m (Ref. 9710), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 48635)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-00-219974-2 (pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9710&amp;speccode=176'>Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific &amp; Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48635&amp;speccode=176'>Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302. (Ref. 48635)</reference></dataObject>
</taxon>
</response>