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	<dc:identifier>FB-2485</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cichliformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Cichlidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Heterotilapia</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Heterotilapia cessiana (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1968)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Raitatilapia</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>塞西非鯽</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>塞西非鲫</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Tilapia cessiana Thys van den Audenaerde, 1968</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-03-06</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=272&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G., C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and K. Traoré0 État des connaissances sur la faune ichtyologique des bassins côtiers de Côte d'Ivoire et de l'ouest du Ghana. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 21(3):221-237. (Ref. 272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=2485'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5163&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7378&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Cichlidae. p. 714-779. In C. Levêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome 2. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 902 p. (Ref. 7378)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9932&amp;speccode=2485'>Pouyaud, L. and J.-F. Agnèse0 Phylogenetic relationships between 21 species of three tilapiine genera &lt;i&gt;Tilapia&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Sarotherodon&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Oreochromis&lt;/i&gt; using allozyme data. J. Fish Biol. 47(1):26-38. (Ref. 9932)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12468&amp;speccode=2485'>Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien Atlas. Band 4. Mergus Verlag GmbH, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Melle, Germany. 864 p. (Ref. 12468)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12818&amp;speccode=2485'>Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13331&amp;speccode=2485'>Paugy, D., K. Traoré and P.S. Diouf0 Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest. p.35-66. In G.G. Teugels, J.F. Guégan and J.J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 275:177 p. (Ref. 13331)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=2485'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=2485'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='3-928819-33-X' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52307&amp;speccode=2485'>Lamboj, A.0 The Cichlid Fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=53405&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Cichlidae. p. 521-600. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 815p. (Ref. 53405)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57398&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Cichlidae. p. 520-600. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57398)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=2485'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=2485'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=2485'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93285&amp;speccode=2485'>Dunz, A.R. and U.K. Schliewen0 Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as "&lt;i&gt;Tilapia&lt;/i&gt;". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68(1):64-80. (Ref. 93285)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=2485'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=2485'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-2485</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2485</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle</subject>
	<dc:description>Probably pair-bonding, open substratum spawner, with both parents guarding the brood (Ref. 52307).</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93285&amp;speccode=2485'>Dunz, A.R. and U.K. Schliewen 2013 Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as "&lt;i&gt;Tilapia&lt;/i&gt;". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68(1):64-80. (Ref. 93285)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-2485</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tobias Musschoot</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 20:32:49</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-12-20 17:16:08</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis: lower pharyngeal bone about as long as broad, with anterior lamella shorter than toothed area; median pharyngeal teeth broadened when compared to lateral teeth; 3-4 series of scales on cheeks; 4-4.5 scales between first dorsal fin spine and upper lateral line (Ref. 53405). Dark vertical bars narrower than lighter inter-spaces (Ref. 52307, 53405).Description: body deep (its depth 38.7-53.4% of standard length); outer jaw teeth bicuspid, posterior pharyngeal teeth tricuspid; (Ref. 53405). Coloration: in life: ground colour greyish-white (Ref. 53405) to greenish with a golden flush (Ref. 52307). Underside of head and chest whitish, back greyish; bases of scales on sides with a greyish-blue spot (Ref. 53405). 7 narrow, dark grey cross bars (slightly forward-directed) on sides, 1st at level of occiput, last at caudal-fin base (Ref. 53405), these bars narrower than lighter areas in between (Ref. 52307, 53405). Black spot at hind angle of opercle; dorsal fin with blackish margin, its spinous part greyish, soft part lighter, with some parallel bars; anal fin greyish, black-and-white-spotted posteriorly; caudal fin greyish, also covered with black and white spots; pelvic fins dark grey; pectorals transparent (Ref. 53405).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=53405&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 2003 Cichlidae. p. 521-600. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 815p. (Ref. 53405)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tobias Musschoot</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-21 20:32:49</dcterms:created>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2485</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 14 - 15; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 16;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 10 - 11</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=53405&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 2003 Cichlidae. p. 521-600. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 815p. (Ref. 53405)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-2485</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2485</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  endemic to the Cess (=Nipoué) River in Liberia and Côte d'Ivoire (Ref. 52307, 53405).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5163&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 1991 Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-2485</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2485</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>20.8 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 7378))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7378&amp;speccode=2485'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 1992 Cichlidae. p. 714-779. In C. Levêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome 2. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 902 p. (Ref. 7378)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-2485</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Crispina B. Binohlan</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2485</dc:source>
	<dc:description>demersal; freshwater</dc:description>
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