FB-2513 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 Animalia Chordata Myxini Myxiniformes Myxinidae Myxine Myxine glutinosa Linnaeus, 1758 Slimål Sluzica Enguia de casulo سمكة عجُوز خبيثة Sliznatka Safngrwn Almindelig slimål Slimål Blindinger Inger Myxine Nordatlantischer Inger Atlantic hagfish Borer Common hag Hagfish Hag-fish Northern hagfish Slime eel Harilik pihklane Limapihklane Állur Ormur Slímállur Slímálur Súgállur Súgálur Limanahkiaiset Loisankerias Myxine Myxine du nord Ivik Kopaluk Missine Atlanticheskaya miksina Miksina Obyknovennaya европейская миксина миксина атлантическая Sljepulja Pirål Pirålen Anguila babosa Babosa de mar Pez moco Mixinopsaro Sljepulja Μυξινόψαρο 大西洋盲鰻 大西洋盲鳗 Gasterobranchus glutinosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Gastrobranchus coecus Bloch, 1791 Myxine glutinosa australis Putnam, 1874 Myxine glutinosa limosa Putnam, 1874 Myxine glutinosa septentrionalis Putnam, 1874 1991-05-01 2024-01-22 Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. 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Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats caught in the North Sea in 135m depth http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Myglu_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Myglu_u1.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Benthic with reported depths to 782 off Greenland; 960 m in Northwestern Atlantic; and 1,100 m off Norway (Ref. 119696). Found on muddy bottoms where they hide in the mud. Slime is used for defense. Feeds chiefly on dead and dying fish of varying species by boring into the body and consuming viscera and musculature. Chiefly nocturnal. Its eggs are few in number about 19-30 and large (20-25 mm), the horny shell has a cluster of anchor-tipped filaments at each end. Fernholm, B. 1998 Hagfish systematics. p. 33-44. In J.M. Jørgensen, J.P. Lomholt, R.E. Weber and H. Malte (eds.) The biology of hagfishes. Chapman & Hall, London. 578 p. (Ref. 31276) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Arlene G. Sampang-Reyes 2001-08-29 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 Jawless mouth, single nasal aperture, only a single pair of external gill openings, no operculum or covering fold of skin. Grayish or reddish brown above, either plain. Variations in color correspond to the color of the sea bottom. Bigelow, H.B. and W.C. Schroeder 1948 Cyclostomes. p. 29-58. In J. Tee-Van, C.M. Breder, S.F. Hildebrand, A.E. Parr and W.C. Schroeder (eds.) Fishes of the Western North Atlantic. Part one. Lancelets, cyclostomes, sharks. Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Yale University, New Haven. 576 p. (Ref. 34302) FB-Distribution-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2023-04-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution North Atlantic: Murmansk to the Mediterranean Sea; Greenland to USA. Absent in eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. Only hagfish in the Northeast Atlantic. Fernholm, B. 1998 Hagfish systematics. p. 33-44. In J.M. Jørgensen, J.P. Lomholt, R.E. Weber and H. Malte (eds.) The biology of hagfishes. Chapman & Hall, London. 578 p. (Ref. 31276) FB-Uses-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 fisheries: of no interest Muus, B. and P. Dahlström 1978 Meeresfische der Ostsee, der Nordsee, des Atlantiks. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 244 p. (Ref. 4645) FB-LifeCycle-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2513&StockCode=2709 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Copulatory organ absent. The gonads of hagfishes are situated in the peritoneal cavity. The ovary is found in the anterior portion of the gonad, and the testis is found in the posterior part. The animal becomes female if the cranial part of the gonad develops or male if the caudal part undergoes differentiation. If none develops, then the animal becomes sterile. If both anterior and posterior parts develop, then the animal becomes a functional hermaphrodite. However, hermaphroditism being characterised as functional needs to be validated by more reproduction studies (Ref. 51361 ). Probably breed throughout the year in deep water (Ref. 35388). Patzner, R.A. 1998 Gonads and reproduction in hagfishes. p. 378-395. In J.M. Jørgensen, J.P. Lomholt, R.E. Weber and H. Malte (eds.) The biology of hagfishes. Chapman & Hall, London. 578 p. (Ref. 51361) FB-TrophicStrategy-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-10-27 00:00:00 2023-01-31 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public glutinosa http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Found on soft, muddy bottoms; requires high salinity (at least 30 ppt) and low temperature (below 12°C), conditions usually found in deeper waters (Refs. 5951, 117245). Feeds chiefly on dead and dying fish of varying species by boring into the body and consuming viscera and musculature. Food includes marine invertebrates such as polychaete worms and crustaceans (shrimp, Pandalus borealis, an important food item) (Ref. 5951), hermit crabs, limpets, nemerteans, priapulid worms and fishes (Ref. 117245). Benthic. Non-migratory. Inhabits shallow transient burrows parallel sediment surface. Scavengers. No known parasites (Ref. 117245). Cathemeral (Ref. 117245) but chiefly nocturnal. Fernholm, B. 1998 Hagfish systematics. p. 33-44. In J.M. Jørgensen, J.P. Lomholt, R.E. Weber and H. Malte (eds.) The biology of hagfishes. Chapman & Hall, London. 578 p. (Ref. 31276) FB-Size-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 95.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 119696)) Mecklenburg, C.W., A. Lynghammar, E. Johannesen, I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, A.V. Dolgov, O.V. Karamushko, T.A. Mecklenburg, P.R. Møller, D. Steinke and P.R. Wienerroither 2018 Marine fishes of the Arctic Region.Volume I. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. [CAFF Monitoring Series Report 28:1-454.] (Ref. 119696) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2513 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2513 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution bathydemersal; non-migratory; marine; depth range 20 - 1200 m (Ref. 117245), usually 27 - 460 m (Ref. 119696) Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist 2018 Marine fishes of Arctic Canada. Toronto (ON, Canada): University of Toronto Press. xiii+618 p. (Ref. 117245) Mecklenburg, C.W., A. Lynghammar, E. Johannesen, I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, A.V. Dolgov, O.V. Karamushko, T.A. Mecklenburg, P.R. Møller, D. Steinke and P.R. Wienerroither 2018 Marine fishes of the Arctic Region.Volume I. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. [CAFF Monitoring Series Report 28:1-454.] (Ref. 119696)