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	<dc:identifier>FB-25310</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25310</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Siluridae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Silurus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Silurus triostegus Heckel, 1843</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Wasp-spine velvetfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Karanghuakhonnim</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>กะรังหัวโขนนิ่ม</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>单棘鲉</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>單棘鮋</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Cocotropus dezwaani Weber &amp; de Beaufort, 1915</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Prosopodasys leurynnis Jordan &amp; Seale, 1905</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1996-09-27</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2016-05-02</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12123&amp;speccode=25311'>Vidthayanon, C. and S. Bettencourt0 First record of &lt;i&gt;Acanthosphex leurynnis&lt;/i&gt; (Jordan &amp; Seale 1906), a rare velvetfish (Scorpaeniformes: Aploactinidae) in the Gulf of Thailand. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 36:109-116. (Ref. 12123)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=25311'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34634&amp;speccode=25311'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL), Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 34634)</reference>
	<reference isbn='974-89954-6-1.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37773&amp;speccode=25311'>Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn and T. Songsirikul0 Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand. 353 p. (Ref. 37773)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=25311'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=39602&amp;speccode=25311'>Poss, S.G.0 Aploactinidae. Velvetfishes. p. 2354-2358. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 39602)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40966&amp;speccode=25311'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of December 2001. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in December 2001. (Ref. 40966)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47843&amp;speccode=25311'>Huang, Z.0 Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404-463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, USA. 598 p. (Ref. 47843)</reference>
	<reference isbn='974-272-617-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52823&amp;speccode=25311'>Fish Team of the Trang Project0 Illustrated fish fauna of a mangrove estuary at Sikao, southwestern Thailand. Trang Project for Biodiversity and Ecological Significance of Mangrove Estuaries in Southeast Asia, Rajamangala Institute of Technology and the University of Tokyo, Trang and Tokyo. 60p. (Ref. 52823)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57879&amp;speccode=25311'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Science (CAFS)0 Database of genetic resources of aquatic organisms in China (as of January 2007). Chinese Academy of Fishery Science. (Ref. 57879)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57897&amp;speccode=25311'>Johnson, J.W.0 Two new species and two new records of aploactinid fishes (Pisces: Scorpaeniformes) from Australia. Rec. Aust. Mus. 56(2):179-188. (Ref. 57897)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=25311'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75154&amp;speccode=25311'>Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS &amp; CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=25311'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=25311'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=25311'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=94637&amp;speccode=25311'>Cornish, A.S.0 Fish assemblages associated with shallow, fringing coral communities in sub-tropical Hong Kong: species composition, spatial and temporal patterns. Hong Kong: Pok Fu Lam, University of Hong Kong, PhD Thesis, 300 p. (Ref. 94637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=25311'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=25311'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-25311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25311</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Presumed to inhabit interstices on rocky and coral-rubble bottoms, bottoms with coralline algae, or among vegetation (Ref. 12123).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12123&amp;speccode=25311'>Vidthayanon, C. and S. Bettencourt 1988 First record of &lt;i&gt;Acanthosphex leurynnis&lt;/i&gt; (Jordan &amp; Seale 1906), a rare velvetfish (Scorpaeniformes: Aploactinidae) in the Gulf of Thailand. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 36:109-116. (Ref. 12123)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-25311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-03-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25311</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Body notably compressed (Ref. 39602).Description:  Characterized by usually having uniform dark brown to light mottled brown color; snout, forehead, operculum and ventral part of body usually covered by white patches; whitish with irregular dark brown band across middle to outer section of pectoral and caudal fin; two very large posterior directed spines in lacrimal; four large spines at rear margin of preopercle, uppermost larger than others; chin with pair of short tentacles; depth of body about 3.5 in SL (Ref. 90102).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=39602&amp;speccode=25311'>Poss, S.G. 1999 Aploactinidae. Velvetfishes. p. 2354-2358. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 39602)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-25311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-03-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25311</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 11 - 15; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7 - 9; Anal spines: 1 - 2; Analsoft rays: 6 - 8</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=39602&amp;speccode=25311'>Poss, S.G. 1999 Aploactinidae. Velvetfishes. p. 2354-2358. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 39602)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-25311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25311</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Indo-West Pacific.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12123&amp;speccode=25311'>Vidthayanon, C. and S. Bettencourt 1988 First record of &lt;i&gt;Acanthosphex leurynnis&lt;/i&gt; (Jordan &amp; Seale 1906), a rare velvetfish (Scorpaeniformes: Aploactinidae) in the Gulf of Thailand. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 36:109-116. (Ref. 12123)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-25311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Auda Kareen Ortañez</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2008-11-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-11-11 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>leurynnis</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Found inshore (Ref. 75154).</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-25311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>3.1 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 90102))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=25311'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-25311</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-10-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25311</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; marine; depth range 5 - 60 m (Ref. 90102)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=25311'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference></dataObject>
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