FB-270 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Carassius Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) Karuss Bilcaa Karas karaś Karas pospolity Pimpao Pimpão-comum Karasi Karasi i bronxtë Bilcha Karas bahenní Karas obecný Karas obycajny Karuds Karudse Karusse Søkaruds Søkarusse Bauernkarpfen Boretsch Breitling Burretschel Gareisel Gareisl Garrausche Garusse Geibel Giebel Goldkarausche Goldkarpfen Guratsch Gurretfisch Halbgareis Hungerkarausche Kanas Karatsche Karausche Karausse Karras Karusche Karuske Karutze Kotbuckel Kotkarpfe Kotplette Kotscheberl Krus Krutsch Kuretschel Mölenke Moorkarpfen Schneiderkarpfen Schlammkarausche Seekarausche Steinkarpel Strummer Sumpfkarausche Crucian Crucian carp Crucian Carp English carp Gibele Golden carp Prussian carp Wild goldfish Yakut crucian carp Harilik koger koger Ruutana Carache Carassin Carassin commun Carouche Carpe à la lune Carreau Cyprin Gardon carpé Gibèle Meule קרס זהוב Kárász Carassio Carpa a specchi Funa Gang gad karūsa auksinis karosas Rato machha Karas' obyknovennyi Kruglyi Obyknovennyi karas Sobo Карась золотой карась золотой круглый карась обыкновенный карась Karas Karaš Karas obycajný Ruda Havuz baligi Havuz balığı Kirmizi balik Karas zvychajnyi Карась звичайний Карась золотий Carpin Carpín Tiburón blanco Caracuda Caracuda rotunda Caras Carasita Garasita Koreselj Koutsouras Kroeskarper Petaloúda Steenkarper Κουτσουράς Πεταλούδα Τεκέδι كاراس ماهي حوض 黑鯽 黑鲫 Carassius carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758) Carassius carassius jacuticus Kirillov, 1956 Carassius charax (Lesniewski, 1837) Carassius gibelio (non Bloch, 1782) Carassius gibelio minutus (Kessler, 1856) Carassius humilis Heckel, 1837 Carassius linnaei Bonaparte, 1845 Carassius linnei Malm, 1877 Carassius linnei lacustrus Malm, 1877 Carassius linnei piscinarum Malm, 1877 Carassius moles Nordmann, 1840 Carassius oblongus Heckel & Kner, 1858 Carassius vulgaris Nordmann, 1840 Carassius vulgaris gibbosus Walecki, 1863 Carassius vulgaris subventrosus Walecki, 1863 Cyprinus carassius Linnaeus, 1758 Cyprinus charax Lesniewski, 1837 Cyprinus gibelio minutus Kessler, 1856 Cyprinus moles Agassiz, 1835 Cyprinus moles Selys-Longchamps, 1842 Cyprinus moles Valenciennes, 1842 1990-10-17 2014-04-07 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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(Ref. 122793) Dhora, D.0 Updated lists of the fish species of Albania's freshwater. Bul. Shk. Ser. Shk. Nat. 2020(70):46-74. (Ref. 125501) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-270-27156 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Thorke A.S. Østergaard 2000-07-03 2014-10-08 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Cacar_u7.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Cacar_u7.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2014-04-07 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Adults occur in shallow ponds, lakes rich in vegetation and slow moving rivers. They burrow in mud in the dry season or during winter (Ref. 2163). Usually restricted to densely vegetated backwaters and oxbows of lowland rivers. Can survive at high temperatures and at very low oxygen concentrations during summer and under ice cover (Ref. 59043). Tolerates cold, organic pollutants, and low oxygen levels in the water (Ref. 30578). Feeds all day but mainly at night on plankton, benthic invertebrates, plant materials and detritus. Usually does not occur in waters with rich ichthyofauna and abundant predatory species, but very abundant in the absence of other fish species. Spawns in dense submerged vegetation (Ref. 59043). Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Live up to about 10 years. There is a gradual but continuing extirpation in many water bodies, especially in Danube drainage and central Europe, possibly to due competition with introduced Carassius gibelio in non-optimal habitats (Ref. 59043). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-DiagnosticDescr-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-10-21 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Diagnosed from its congeners in Europe by having the following characters: body golden-green shining color; last simple anal and dorsal rays weakly serrated; 23-33 gill rakers; lateral line with 31-36 scales; free edge of dorsal convex; anal fin usually with 6½ branched rays; and peritoneum white (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 18-20 rays (Ref. 2196). No barbels. The third dorsal and anal-fin rays are strong and serrated posteriorly. Spillman, C.-J. 1961 Faune de France: Poissons d'eau douce. Fédération Française des Sociétés Naturelles,Tome 65. Paris. 303 p. (Ref. 2196) FB-Morphology-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-10-21 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 Dorsal spines (total): 3 - 4; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 22; Analspines: 2 - 3; Analsoft rays: 5 - 7; Vertebrae: 32 Spillman, C.-J. 1961 Faune de France: Poissons d'eau douce. Fédération Française des Sociétés Naturelles,Tome 65. Paris. 303 p. (Ref. 2196) FB-Distribution-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-07-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Eurasia: North, Baltic, White, Barents, Black and Caspian Sea basins; Aegean Sea basin only in Maritza drainage; eastward to Kolyma drainage (Siberia); westward to Rhine and eastern drainages of England. Absent from North Sea basin in Sweden and Norway. In Baltic basin north to about 66°N. Widely introduced to Italy, England and France but possibly often confused with Carassius gibelio (Ref. 59043). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction. Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Uses-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2014-04-07 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial; bait: occasionally FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Garibaldi, L. 1996 List of animal species used in aquaculture. FAO Fish. Circ. 914. 38 p. (Ref. 12108) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch 1991 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672) Vostradovsky, J. 1973 Freshwater fishes. The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, London. 252 p. (Ref. 9696) FB-Migration-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2014-04-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Sari Kuosmanen-Postila 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2014-04-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=270&StockCode=284 Females spawn multiple times during the spawning period (Ref. 88808). Reproduction in May-June in shallow water with dense vegetation, eggs 130000-250000/female adhere to plants, hatch after 4-8 days (Ref. 2163). Individual female spawn with several males. Males follow ripe females, often with much splashing. Eggs are sticky and are attached to water plants (Ref. 59043). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-09-16 00:00:00 2008-03-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public carassius http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Feeds on insect larvae and plankton (Ref. 30578). Allardi, J. and P. Keith 1991 Atlas préliminaire des poissons d'eau douce de France. Coll. Patrimoines Naturels, vol. 4. Secrétariat Faune Flore, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. 234 p. (Ref. 2163) FB-Size-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2014-04-07 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses 64.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 6114)); max. published weight: 3,000 g (Ref. 556); max. reported age: 10 years (Ref. 59043) Koli, L. 1990 Suomen kalat. [Fishes of Finland]. Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. Helsinki. 357 p. (in Finnish). (Ref. 6114) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström 1968 Süßwasserfische. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, München. 224 p. (Ref. 556) Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-270-32 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-07-23 00:00:00 2002-07-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=270&StockCode=284 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dactylogyrus Gill Flukes Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-270-363 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-08-07 00:00:00 2002-08-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=270&StockCode=284 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats False Fungal Infection (Epistylis sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-270-63 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-08-23 00:00:00 2002-08-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=270&StockCode=284 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Skin Flukes. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-270-17 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-02-23 00:00:00 2004-02-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=270&StockCode=284 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution SVC. Viral diseases Fijan, N. 1999 Spring viraemia of carp and other viral diseases and agents of warm-water fish. p.177-244. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno (eds.) Fish Diseases and Disorders, Vol. 3: Viral, Bacterial and Fungal Infections. CAB Int'l. (Ref. 48847) FB-Diseases-270-58 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-07-22 00:00:00 2002-07-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=270&StockCode=284 Trichodinosis. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-270-402 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-08-29 00:00:00 2002-08-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=270&StockCode=284 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Turbidity of the Skin (Freshwater fish). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Habitat-270 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2014-04-07 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=270 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; brackish; depth range 5 - ? m (Ref. 2163) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Allardi, J. and P. Keith 1991 Atlas préliminaire des poissons d'eau douce de France. Coll. Patrimoines Naturels, vol. 4. Secrétariat Faune Flore, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. 234 p. (Ref. 2163)